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In this paper, we propose a multilingual query-by-example keyword spotting (KWS) system based on a residual neural network. The model is trained as a classifier on a multilingual keyword dataset extracted from Common Voice sentences and…
One difficult problem of keyword spotting is how to miniaturize its memory footprint while maintain a high precision. Although convolutional neural networks have shown to be effective to the small-footprint keyword spotting problem, they…
A personalized KeyWord Spotting (KWS) pipeline typically requires the training of a Deep Learning model on a large set of user-defined speech utterances, preventing fast customization directly applied on-device. To fill this gap, this paper…
This paper addresses the persistent challenge in Keyword Spotting (KWS), a fundamental component in speech technology, regarding the acquisition of substantial labeled data for training. Given the difficulty in obtaining large quantities of…
Keyword Spotting (KWS) models on embedded devices should adapt fast to new user-defined words without forgetting previous ones. Embedded devices have limited storage and computational resources, thus, they cannot save samples or update…
Keyword spotting is an important research field because it plays a key role in device wake-up and user interaction on smart devices. However, it is challenging to minimize errors while operating efficiently in devices with limited resources…
In this work, we present Slimmable Neural Networks applied to the problem of small-footprint keyword spotting. We show that slimmable neural networks allow us to create super-nets from Convolutioanl Neural Networks and Transformers, from…
Modern approaches for keyword spotting rely on training deep neural networks on large static datasets with i.i.d. distributions. However, the resulting models tend to underperform when presented with changing data regimes in real-life…
Keyword spotting (KWS) offers a vital mechanism to identify spoken commands in voice-enabled systems, where user demands often shift, requiring models to learn new keywords continually over time. However, a major problem is catastrophic…
Keyword Spotting (KWS) is essential in edge computing requiring rapid and energy-efficient responses. Spiking Neural Networks (SNNs) are well-suited for KWS for their efficiency and temporal capacity for speech. To further reduce the…
In the context of keyword spotting (KWS), the replacement of handcrafted speech features by learnable features has not yielded superior KWS performance. In this study, we demonstrate that filterbank learning outperforms handcrafted speech…
In this paper, we propose an attention-based end-to-end model for multi-channel keyword spotting (KWS), which is trained to optimize the KWS result directly. As a result, our model outperforms the baseline model with signal pre-processing…
Keyword Spotting (KWS) is an essential component in a smart device for alerting the system when a user prompts it with a command. As these devices are typically constrained by computational and energy resources, the KWS model should be…
This paper proposes a self-learning method to incrementally train (fine-tune) a personalized Keyword Spotting (KWS) model after the deployment on ultra-low power smart audio sensors. We address the fundamental problem of the absence of…
Keyword spotting (KWS) is beneficial for voice-based user interactions with low-power devices at the edge. The edge devices are usually always-on, so edge computing brings bandwidth savings and privacy protection. The devices typically have…
Keyword spotting (KWS) is a crucial function enabling the interaction with the many ubiquitous smart devices in our surroundings, either activating them through wake-word or directly as a human-computer interface. For many applications, KWS…
To segment a signal into blocks to be analyzed, few-shot keyword spotting (KWS) systems often utilize a sliding window of fixed size. Because of the varying lengths of different keywords or their spoken instances, choosing the right window…
Keyword spotting (KWS) is an essential function that enables interaction with ubiquitous smart devices. However, in resource-limited devices, KWS models are often static and can thus not adapt to new scenarios, such as added keywords. To…
Small footprint embedded devices require keyword spotters (KWS) with small model size and detection latency for enabling voice assistants. Such a keyword is often referred to as \textit{wake word} as it is used to wake up voice assistant…
Keyword spotting (KWS) plays an essential role in enabling speech-based user interaction on smart devices, and conventional KWS (C-KWS) approaches have concentrated on detecting user-agnostic pre-defined keywords. However, in practice, most…