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This paper describes a novel integrated circuit technology to manufacture high-density thermoelectric devices on a semiconductor wafer. With no moving parts, a thermoelectric cooler operates quietly, allows cooling below ambient…

General Physics · Physics 2008-01-08 H. Chen , L. Hsu , X. Wei

We have developed a new micro-fabricated platform for the measurement of the specific heat of low heat capacity mg-sized metallic samples, such as superconductors, down to temperatures of as low as $10\,\mathrm{mK}$. It addresses…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2020-03-24 Andreas Reifenberger , Andreas Reiser , Sebastian Kempf , Andreas Fleischmann , Christian Enss

A major motivation for cold atom experiments is the search for quantum ground states such as antiferromagnets and d-wave superfluids. The primary obstacle to this task is the difficulty of cooling to sufficiently low temperatures. We…

Quantum Gases · Physics 2012-10-23 Yen Lee Loh

In the presence of Joule heating, the electronic temperature in a metallic resistor placed at sub-Kelvin temperatures can significantly exceed the phonon temperature. Electron cooling proceeds mainly through two processes: electronic…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2009-08-26 B. Huard , H. Pothier , D. Esteve , K. E. Nagaev

Low-temperature systems play a vital role in a variety of scientific research applications, including the next generation of cosmology and astrophysics telescopes. More ambitious cryogenic applications require precise estimates of the…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-09-30 Henry E. Nachman , Oorie Desai , Nicholas Galitzki , Daniel Lee , JB Lloyd , Tannishtha Nandi , Ani Pagni , Ray Radebaugh , Elle C. Shaw

Refrigeration based on the magnetocaloric effect (MCE) can contribute to energysaving, environmentally friendly cooling in private households, or industrial application. The cooling is based on the reversible heat release or uptake during a…

The need for higher power density in electrical machines require better cooling strategies. Spray cooling is a very promising and relatively simple technology to apply, but involves extremely complicated physics. In this paper, a quasi-3D…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-01-07 Christian Bergfried , Samaneh Abdi Qezeljeh , Ilia V. Roisman , Herbert De Gersem , Jeanette Hussong , Yvonne Späck-Leigsnering

Operando calorimetry has previously been utilized to study degradation, side reactions, and other electrochemical effects in electrochemical cells such as batteries at or near room temperature. Calorimetric data can provide important…

Although 3D IC technology can provide very high integration density, they suffer from having hotspots that may reach thousands of degrees. To manage this heat, it is necessary to study the dynamics of cooling and thermal behavior of the…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-11-04 Sakib Islam , Ibrahim Abdel-Motaleb

Cellular metabolic rate is a good indicator of the physiological state of cells and its changes, which can be measured by total heat flux accompanying metabolism. Chip calorimeters can provide label-free and high throughput measurements of…

Biological Physics · Physics 2019-03-13 Jihye Kim , Sumin Seo , Jonghyun Kim , Sungmin Nam , Wonhee Lee

The regulation of temperature at the macro and microscale is a major energy-consuming process of humankind. Modern cooling systems account for 15% of the global energy consumption and are responsible for 10% of greenhouse gas emissions. Due…

Understanding microstructural evolution under extreme thermal conditions is essential for advancing metal additive manufacturing (AM). This work demonstrates the feasibility of employing micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) heating…

Materials Science · Physics 2026-01-12 C. Koenig , P. Mayr , J. R. Jinschek , A. Bastos Fanta

The performance of a number of urban cooling techniques has been thoroughly studied by the scientific community. However, decision-makers lack the tools to spatialize their deployment as part of their urban cooling and climate change…

Physics and Society · Physics 2024-08-20 Martin Hendel , Parison Sophie , Royon Laurent

In the emergent field of quantum technology, the ability to manage heat at the nanoscale and in cryogenic conditions is crucial for enhancing device performance in terms of noise, coherence, and sensitivity. Here, we demonstrate the active…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-12-16 Federico Paolucci , Federica Bianco , Francesco Giazotto , Stefano Roddaro

3D integrated circuit (3D-IC) technology gained acceptance due to the ability to achieve extremely high level of integration, where hundreds of ICs are stacked vertically. Such level of integration can result in local power dissipation of…

Applied Physics · Physics 2019-11-04 Chandrasekhar Mandalapu , Ibrahim M Abdel-Motaleb , Sangki Hong , Robert Patti

Temperature imaging of nanoscale systems is a fundamental problem which has myriad potential technological applications. For example, nanoscopic cold spots can be used for spot cooling electronic components while hot spots could be used for…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2020-03-04 Abhay Shastry , Sosuke Inui , Charles A. Stafford

We present a parallel network of 16 demagnetization refrigerators mounted on a cryofree dilution refrigerator aimed to cool nanoelectronic devices to sub-millikelvin temperatures. To measure the refrigerator temperature, the thermal motion…

Instrumentation and Detectors · Physics 2017-10-16 Mario Palma , Dario Maradan , Lucas Casparis , Tai-Min Liu , Florian Froning , Dominik M. Zumbühl

The magneto-electrocaloric effect which can be defined as the coupling between magnetocaloric and electrocaloric effects attracts currently considerable attention due to the advantages provided by the caloric effect in designing solid-state…

There is a great interest in the scientific community to perform calorimetry on samples having mass in the nanogram range. A detailed knowledge of the energy (heat) exchange in the fast growing family of micro- and nano-systems could…

Applied Physics · Physics 2021-12-02 S. Veronesi , T. Papa , Y. Murata , S. Heun

Efficient thermal management in high-power electronics cooling can be achieved using phase-change heat transfer devices, such as vapor chambers. Traditional vapor chambers use wicks to transport condensate for efficient thermal exchange and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-01 Arani Mukhopadhyay , Anish Pal , Congbo Bao , Mohamad Jafari Gukeh , Sudip K. Mazumder , Constantine M. Megaridis
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