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In this paper, we apply Item Response Theory, popular in education and political science research, to the analysis of argument persuasiveness in language. We empirically evaluate the model's performance on three datasets, including a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-26 Anastassia Kornilova , Daniel Argyle , Vladimir Eidelman

We propose a structural equation model, which reduces to a multidimensional latent class item response theory model, for the analysis of binary item responses with non-ignorable missingness. The missingness mechanism is driven by two sets…

Methodology · Statistics 2014-10-21 Silvia Bacci , Francesco Bartolucci

School bullying victimization is a variable that cannot be measured directly. Taking into account that this variable has a lower bound, given by the absence of bullying victimization, this paper proposes IRT logistic models, where the…

Applications · Statistics 2019-04-03 Edilberto Cepeda-Cuervo

Multidimensional item response theory is a statistical test theory used to estimate the latent skills of learners and the difficulty levels of problems based on test results. Both compensatory and non-compensatory models have been proposed…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-07-22 Hiroshi Tamano , Hideitsu Hino , Daichi Mochihashi

It is widely believed that a joint factor analysis of item responses and response time (RT) may yield more precise ability scores that are conventionally predicted from responses only. For this purpose, a simple-structure factor model is…

Applications · Statistics 2025-01-01 Yang Liu , Weimeng Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional performance across a wide range of natural language tasks. However, selecting the optimal LLM to respond to a user query often necessitates a delicate balance between performance…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Wei Song , Zhenya Huang , Cheng Cheng , Weibo Gao , Bihan Xu , GuanHao Zhao , Fei Wang , Runze Wu

Evaluating large language models (LLMs) typically requires thousands of benchmark items, making the process expensive, slow, and increasingly impractical at scale. Existing evaluation protocols rely on average accuracy over fixed item sets,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Peiyu Li , Xiuxiu Tang , Si Chen , Ying Cheng , Ronald Metoyer , Ting Hua , Nitesh V. Chawla

Traditional methods for determining assessment item parameters, such as difficulty and discrimination, rely heavily on expensive field testing to collect student performance data for Item Response Theory (IRT) calibration. This study…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Christopher Ormerod

Accuracy-based evaluation of Large Language Models (LLMs) measures benchmark-specific performance rather than underlying medical competency: it treats all questions as equally informative, conflates model ability with item characteristics,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Zhimeng Luo , Lixin Wu , Adam Frisch , Daqing He

Item response theory (IRT) is a popular modeling paradigm for measuring subject latent traits and item properties according to discrete responses in tests or questionnaires. There are very limited discussions on heterogeneity pattern…

Applications · Statistics 2020-06-02 Guanyu Hu , Zhihua Ma , Insu Paek

Missingness is a common occurrence in educational assessment and psychological measurement. It could not be casually ignored as it may threaten the validity of the test if not handled properly. Considering the difference between omitted and…

Methodology · Statistics 2019-04-09 Jinxin Guo

Assessment of proficiency of the learner is an essential part of Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS). We use Item Response Theory (IRT) in computer-aided language learning for assessment of student ability in two contexts: in test sessions,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Jue Hou , Anisia Katinskaia , Anh-Duc Vu , Roman Yangarber

Most datasets suffer from partial or complete missing values, which has downstream limitations on the available models on which to test the data and on any statistical inferences that can be made from the data. Several imputation techniques…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-02-09 Adrienne Kline , Yuan Luo

Few models have been more ubiquitous in their respective fields than Bayesian knowledge tracing and item response theory. Both of these models were developed to analyze data on learners. However, the study designs that these models are…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-15 Benjamin Deonovic , Michael Yudelson , Maria Bolsinova , Meirav Attali , Gunter Maris

A general framework of latent trait item response models for continuous responses is given. In contrast to classical test theory models, which traditionally distinguish between true scores and error scores, the responses are clearly linked…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-04-11 Gerhard Tutz , Pascal Jordan

Deep learning based knowledge tracing model has been shown to outperform traditional knowledge tracing model without the need for human-engineered features, yet its parameters and representations have long been criticized for not being…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Chun-Kit Yeung

We consider modeling, inference, and computation for analyzing multivariate binary data. We propose a new model that consists of a low dimensional latent variable component and a sparse graphical component. Our study is motivated by…

Methodology · Statistics 2016-06-30 Yunxiao Chen , Xiaoou Li , Jingchen Liu , Zhiliang Ying

This paper presents the first item response theory (IRT) analysis of the national data set on introductory, general education, college-level astronomy teaching using the Light and Spectroscopy Concept Inventory (LSCI). We used the…

Physics Education · Physics 2017-10-27 Colin S. Wallace , Timothy G. Chambers , Edward E. Prather

This paper adapts topic models to the psychometric testing of MOOC students based on their online forum postings. Measurement theory from education and psychology provides statistical models for quantifying a person's attainment of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2015-11-26 Jiazhen He , Benjamin I. P. Rubinstein , James Bailey , Rui Zhang , Sandra Milligan , Jeffrey Chan

Experimental evaluation is crucial in AI research, especially for assessing algorithms across diverse tasks. Many studies often evaluate a limited set of algorithms, failing to fully understand their strengths and weaknesses within a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-04 Brodie Oldfield , Sevvandi Kandanaarachchi , Ziqi Xu , Mario Andrés Muñoz