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We observed 14 methanol transitions near lambda=2 mm in Galactic star-forming regions. Broad, quasi-thermal J(0)-J(-1)E methanol lines near 157 GHz were detected toward 73 sources. Together with the 6(-1)-5(0)E and 5(-2)-6(-1)E lines at 133…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-10-31 V. I. Slysh , S. V. Kalenskii , I. E. Val'tts , V. V. Golubev , K. Mead

Hydrogenation reactions of CO in inter- and circumstellar ices are regarded as an important starting point in the formation of more complex species. Previous laboratory measurements by two groups on the hydrogenation of CO ices resulted in…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2009-06-15 G. W. Fuchs , H. M. Cuppen , S. Ioppolo , C. Romanzin , S. E. Bisschop , S. Andersson , E. F. van Dishoeck , H. Linnartz

Propargyl alcohol (HC2CH2OH, PA) has yet to be observed in the interstellar medium (ISM) although one of its stable isomers, propenal (CH2CHCHO), has already been detected in Sagittarius B2(N) with the 100-meter Green Bank Telescope in the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2017-01-24 Prasanta Gorai , Ankan Das , Liton Majumdar , Sandip Kumar Chakrabarti , Bhalamurugan Sivaraman , Eric Herbst

The high abundances of Complex Organic Molecules (COMs) with respect to methanol, the most abundant COM, detected towards low-mass protostars, tend to be underpredicted by astrochemical models. This discrepancy might come from the large…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2015-05-20 Vianney Taquet , Ana López-Sepulcre , Cecilia Ceccarelli , Roberto Neri , Claudine Kahane , Steven B. Charnley

Acetaldehyde is one of the most common and abundant gaseous interstellar complex organic molecules, found in cold and hot regions of the molecular interstellar medium. Its presence in the gas-phase depends on the chemical formation and…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2022-09-21 S. Ferrero , F. Grieco , A-S. Ibrahim Mohamed , F. Dulieu , A. Rimola , C. Ceccarelli , C. Nervi , M. Minissale , P. Ugliengo

Methanol and complex organic molecules have been found in cold starless cores, where a standard warm-up scenario would not work because of the absence of heat sources. A recent chemical model attributed the presence of methanol and large…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-07-14 Miwa Goto , A. I. Vasyunin , B. M. Giuliano , I. Jiménez-Serra , P. Caselli , C. G. Román-Zúñiga , J. Alves

Context. The number of identified complex organic molecules (COMs) in inter- and circumstellar gas-phase environments is steadily increasing. Recent laboratory studies show that many such species form on icy dust grains. At present only…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2018-03-21 J. Terwisscha van Scheltinga , N. F. W. Ligterink , A. C. A. Boogert , E. F. van Dishoeck , H. Linnartz

Acetone (CH3COCH3) is one of the most abundant three-carbon oxygen-bearing complex organic molecules (O-COMs) that have been detected in space. Recently, acetone ice has been reported as (tentatively) detected toward B1-c, which enables the…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-04-30 Y. Chen , R. T. Garrod , M. Rachid , E. F. van Dishoeck , C. L. Brogan , R. Loomis , A. Lipnicky , B. A. McGuire

The deuteration of molecules forming in the ices such as methanol (CH$_3$OH) is sensitive to the physical conditions during their formation in dense cold clouds and can be probed through observations of deuterated methanol in hot cores.…

Context. Acetone (CH3COCH3) is a carbonyl-bearing complex organic molecule, yet interstellar observations of acetone remain limited. Studying the formation and distribution of CH3COCH3 in the interstellar medium can provide valuable…

Aim: In the past, observations of protostellar shocks have been able to set constraints on the formation route of formamide (NH2CHO), exploiting its observed spatial distribution and comparison with astrochemical model predictions. In this…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2020-03-11 C. Codella , C. Ceccarelli , E. Bianchi , N. Balucani , L. Podio , P. Caselli , S. Feng , B. Lefloch , A. López-Sepulcre , R. Neri , S. Spezzano , M. De Simone

Methanol and its precursor formaldehyde are among the most studied organic molecules in the interstellar medium and are abundant in the gaseous and solid phases. We recently developed a model to simulate CO hydrogenation via H atoms on…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-14 H. M. Cuppen , E. F. van Dishoeck , E. Herbst , A. G. G. M. Tielens

One of the open questions in astrochemistry is how complex organic and prebiotic molecules are formed. Aims. Our aim is to start the process of compiling an inventory of oxygen-bearing complex organic molecules toward the solar-type Class 0…

Gas-phase methanol was recently detected in a protoplanetary disk for the first time with ALMA. The peak abundance and distribution of methanol observed in TW Hya differed from that predicted by chemical models. Here, the chemistry of…

Earth and Planetary Astrophysics · Physics 2018-09-12 Catherine Walsh , Shreyas Vissapragada , Harry McGee

Over the past five decades, radio astronomy has shown that molecular complexity is a natural outcome of interstellar chemistry, in particular in star forming regions. However, the pathways that lead to the formation of complex molecules are…

Complex organic molecules (COMs) have been observed to be abundant in the gas phase toward protostars. Deep line surveys have been carried out only for a limited number of well-known high-mass star forming regions using the Atacama Large…

We present 247-GHz molecular line observations of methanol (CH$_3$OH) toward sixteen massive star-forming regions, using the APEX telescope with an angular resolution of $25''$. The sample covers a range of evolutionary states, including…

Methanol masers are often detected in regions of intense star formation. Several studies in the last decade indicate that they may even be the earliest signpost of a high-mass star-forming region. Their powerful emission make them very good…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 M. Pestalozzi , V. Minier , R. Booth

Methanol, the simplest complex organic molecule found in space, is considered a key compound necessary for the formation of chemical species of prebiotic interest. Methanol detections in protoplanetary disks remain scarce, even though it is…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2026-04-29 Alessandro Soave , Margot Leemker , Stefano Facchini , Luke Maud , Kazi Lucie Jessica Rygl , Leonardo Testi

Despite the harsh conditions of the interstellar medium, chemistry thrives in it, especially in star forming regions where several interstellar complex organic molecules (iCOMs) have been detected. Yet, how these species are synthesised is…