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In this article, we focus on studying the differential-difference equation \[ f'(z) = a(z)f(z+1) + R(z, f(z)), \quad R(z, f(z)) = \frac{P(z, f(z))}{Q(z, f(z))}, \] where the two nonzero polynomials \( P(z, f(z)) \) and \( Q(z, f(z)) \) in…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-05-22 Tingbin Cao , Risto Korhonen , Wenlong Liu

In this paper we study meromorphic functions solutions of linear shift difference equations in coefficients in $\mathbb{C}(x)$ involving the operator $\rho: y(x)\mapsto y(x+h)$, for some $h\in \mathbb{C}^*$. We prove that if $f$ is solution…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Thomas Dreyfus

In this paper, for a transcendental meromorphic function $f$ and $a\in \mathbb{C}$, we have exhaustively studied the nature and form of solutions of a new type of non-linear differential equation of the following form which has never been…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-11-23 Tania Biswas , Sayantan Maity , Abhijit Banerjee

Using a new Borel type growth lemma, we extend the difference analogue of the lemma on the logarithmic derivative due to Halburd and Korhonen to the case of meromorphic functions $f(z)$ such that $\log T(r,f)\leq r/(\log r)^{2+\nu}$,…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2018-06-04 Risto Korhonen , Kazuya Tohge , Yueyang Zhang , Jianhua Zheng

We demonstrate a strong form of Nevanlinna's Second Main Theorem for solutions to difference equations f(z+1)=R(z, f(z)), with the coefficients of R growing slowly relative to f, and R of degree at least 2 in the second coordinate.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-30 Patrick Ingram

Let $\{b_{j}\}_{j=1}^{k}$ be meromorphic functions, and let $w$ be admissible meromorphic solutions of delay differential equation $$w'(z)=w(z)\left[\frac{P(z, w(z))}{Q(z,w(z))}+\sum_{j=1}^{k}b_{j}(z)w(z-c_{j})\right]$$ with distinct delays…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-09-07 Ling Xu , Tingbin Cao

In the paper, we use the idea of normal family to find out the possible solution of the following special case of algebraic differential equation \[P_k\big(z,f,f^{(1)},\ldots, f^{(k)}\big)=f^{(1)}(f-\mathscr{L}_k(f))-\varphi (f-a)(f-b)=0,\]…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-09-15 Junfeng Xu , Sujoy Majumder , Nabadwip Sarkar , Lata Mahato

Take complex numbers $a_j,b_j$, $(j=0,1,2)$ such that $c\neq0$ and {\rm rank} ( {ccc} a_{0} & a_{1} & a_{2} b_{0} & b_{1} & b_{2} )=2. We show that if the following functional equation of Fermat type…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2017-10-20 Pei-chu Hu , Qiong Wang

Let f be a function transcendental and meromorphic in the plane, and define g(z) by g(z) = f(z+1) - f(z). A number of results are proved concerning the existence of zeros of g(z) or g(z)/f(z), in terms of the growth and the poles of f.

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2016-07-06 Walter Bergweiler , J. K. Langley

In this paper, we use the Banach fixed point theorem to examine the existence of meromorphic solutions to the following first-order $q$-difference equation \begin{align}\tag{{\dag}}\label{dagger}…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-11-04 Wenlong Liu

The existence of subnormal solutions of following three difference equations with Schwarzian derivative $$\omega(z+1)-\omega(z-1)+a(z)(S(\omega,z))^n=R(z,\omega(z)),$$ $$\omega(z+1)\omega(z-1)+a(z)S(\omega,z)=R(z,\omega(z)),$$ and…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-10-14 M. T. Xia , J. R. Long , X. X. Xiang

In this paper, we investigate meromorphic solutions of certain nonlinear partial differential equations in several complex variables involving differential and functional operators. Let $f$ be a non-constant meromorphic function in…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2026-05-11 Sujoy Majumder , Debabrata Pramanik , Jhilik Banerjee

It is shown that if w(z) is a finite-order meromorphic solution of the equation H(z,w) P(z,w) = Q(z,w), where P(z,w) = P(z,w(z),w(z+c_1),...,w(z+c_n)) is a homogeneous difference polynomial with meromorphic coefficients, and H(z,w) =…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2013-07-15 Risto Korhonen

The differential nature of solutions of linear difference equations over the projective line was recently elucidated. In contrast, little is known about the differential nature of solutions of linear difference equations over elliptic…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2024-09-17 Ehud de Shalit , Charlotte Hardouin , Julien Roques

The existence of meromorphic solutions to various difference equations has been extensively studied in recent years, the precise functional forms of such solutions -- particularly when the function and its difference operators share values…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2026-04-17 Molla Basir Ahamed , Vasudevarao Allu

Given an algebraic difference equation of the form \[\sigma^n(y)=f\big(y, \sigma(y),\dots,\sigma^{n-1}(y)\big)\] where $f$ is a rational function over a field $k$ of characteristic zero on which $\sigma$ acts trivially, it is shown that if…

Logic · Mathematics 2025-10-21 Moshe Kamensky , Rahim Moosa

In this paper, we show the existence of a transcendental function $f\in\mathbb{Z}\{z\}$ with coefficients that are almost all bounded such that $f$ and all its derivatives assume algebraic values at algebraic points. Furthermore, we…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2025-02-25 Ricardo Francisco , Diego Marques

Our paper focuses on investigating the existence and possible forms of solutions to the nonlinear differential equation \beas f^m+\big(Rf^{(k)}\big)^n=Qe^{\alpha},\eeas where where $k$, $m$ and $n$ are three positive integers, $Q$ and $R$…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2025-12-19 Sujoy majumder , Nabadwip Sarkar , Debabrata pramanik

Suppose that $f$ satisfies the following: $(1)$ the polyharmonic equation $\Delta^{m}f=\Delta(\Delta^{m-1} f)$$=\varphi_{m}$ $(\varphi_{m}\in \mathcal{C}(\overline{\mathbb{B}^{n}},\mathbb{R}^{n}))$, (2) the boundary conditions…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2022-08-31 Shaolin Chen

In this paper, we characterize meromorphic solutions $f(z_1,z_2),g(z_1,z_2)$ to the generalized Fermat Diophantine functional equations $h(z_1,z_2)f^m+k(z_1,z_2)g^n=1$ in $\mathbf{C}^2$ for integers $m,n\geq2$ and nonzero meromorphic…

Complex Variables · Mathematics 2021-06-04 Wei Chen , Qi Han , Qiong Wang