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A natural conversational interface that allows longitudinal symptom tracking would be extremely valuable in health/wellness applications. However, the task of designing emotionally-aware agents for behavior change is still poorly…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2019-07-26 Asma Ghandeharioun , Daniel McDuff , Mary Czerwinski , Kael Rowan

Asthma-related deaths in the UK are the highest in Europe, and only 30% of patients access basic care. There is a need for alternative approaches to reaching people with asthma in order to provide health education, self-management support…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-07-23 Laura Moradbakhti , Dorian Peters , Jennifer K. Quint , Björn Schuller , Darren Cook , Rafael A. Calvo

LLM-based chatbots are now being specifically designed to facilitate social companionship, even romantic relationships, incorporating features that parallel human relationship dynamics. This has led a subset of users to form romantic…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Paula Ebner , Jessica Szczuka

As ChatGPT and other Large Language Model (LLM)-based AI chatbots become increasingly integrated into individuals' daily lives, important research questions arise. What concerns and risks do these systems pose for individual users? What…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Chengen Wang , Murat Kantarcioglu

Trust is a key factor in ensuring acceptable human-robot interaction, especially in settings where robots may be assisting with critical activities of daily living. When practically deployed, robots are bound to make occasional mistakes,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-08-26 Sasha Wald , Kavya Puthuveetil , Zackory Erickson

As AI chatbots see increased adoption and integration into everyday life, questions have been raised about the potential impact of human-like or anthropomorphic AI on users. In this work, we investigate the extent to which interactions with…

Natural Language Generation tools, such as chatbots that can generate human-like conversational text, are becoming more common both for personal and professional use. However, there are concerns about their trustworthiness and ethical…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-13 Beatriz Cabrero-Daniel , Andrea Sanagustín Cabrero

Web-based chatbots provide website owners with the benefits of increased sales, immediate response to their customers, and insight into customer behaviour. While Web-based chatbots are getting popular, they have not received much scrutiny…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Nazar Waheed , Muhammad Ikram , Saad Sajid Hashmi , Xiangjian He , Priyadarsi Nanda

Existing emotion-aware conversational models usually focus on controlling the response contents to align with a specific emotion class, whereas empathy is the ability to understand and concern the feelings and experience of others. Hence,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-26 Yanran Li , Ke Li , Hongke Ning , xiaoqiang Xia , Yalong Guo , Chen Wei , Jianwei Cui , Bin Wang

Chatbots powered by artificial intelligence (AI) have rapidly become a significant part of everyday life, with over a quarter of American adults using them multiple times per week. While these tools offer potential benefits and risks, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Joseph Heffner , Chongyu Qin , Martin Chadwick , Chris Knutsen , Christopher Summerfield , Zeb Kurth-Nelson , Robb B. Rutledge

This paper delves into the realm of ChatGPT, an AI-powered chatbot that utilizes topic modeling and reinforcement learning to generate natural responses. Although ChatGPT holds immense promise across various industries, such as customer…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-07-27 Xiaodong Wu , Ran Duan , Jianbing Ni

AI chatbots are becoming a primary interface for seeking information. As their popularity grows, chatbot providers are starting to deploy advertising and analytics. Despite this, tracking on AI chatbots has not been systematically studied.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Muhammad Jazlan , Ethan Wang , Yash Vekaria , Zubair Shafiq

The use of chatbots equipped with artificial intelligence (AI) in educational settings has increased in recent years, showing potential to support teaching and learning. However, the adoption of these technologies has raised concerns about…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Griffin Pitts , Viktoria Marcus , Sanaz Motamedi

The rise of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has impacted the development of mobile health (mHealth) apps, most notably with the advent of AI-based chatbots used as ubiquitous ``companions'' for various services, from fitness to mental health…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Samuel Wairimu , Leonardo Horn Iwaya

LLM-powered chatbots are becoming widely adopted in applications such as healthcare, personal assistants, industry hiring decisions, etc. In many of these cases, chatbots are fed sensitive, personal information in their prompts, as samples…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-25 Aman Priyanshu , Supriti Vijay , Ayush Kumar , Rakshit Naidu , Fatemehsadat Mireshghallah

AI powered health chatbot applications are increasingly utilized for personalized healthcare services, yet they pose significant challenges related to user data security and privacy. This study evaluates the effectiveness of automated…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Muhammad Hassan , Abdullah Ghani , Muhammad Fareed Zaffar , Masooda Bashir

Recent studies reveal widespread concern and increasing lack of understanding about how personal data is collected, shared, and used online without consent. This issue is compounded by limited options available for digital citizens to…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Niels J. Gommesen

With a major focus on its history, difficulties, and promise, this research paper provides a thorough analysis of the chatbot technology environment as it exists today. It provides a very flexible chatbot system that makes use of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-16 Shivom Aggarwal , Shourya Mehra , Pritha Mitra

Companion chatbots offer a potential solution to the growing epidemic of loneliness, but their impact on users' psychosocial well-being remains poorly understood, raising critical ethical questions about their deployment and design. This…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Auren R. Liu , Pat Pataranutaporn , Pattie Maes

New privacy concerns arise with chatbots on group messaging platforms. Chatbots may access information beyond their intended functionalities, such as sender identities or messages unintended for chatbots. Chatbot developers may exploit such…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-07 Kai-Hsiang Chou , Yi-Min Lin , Yi-An Wang , Jonathan Weiping Li , Tiffany Hyun-Jin Kim , Hsu-Chun Hsiao