Related papers: Gauge invariance in phase-gradient metagratings
Refraction at a smooth interface is accompanied by momentum transfer normal to the interface. We show that corrugating an initially smooth, totally reflecting, non-metallic interface provides a momentum kick parallel to the surface, which…
Gauge theories of gravity provide an elegant and promising extension of general relativity. In this paper we show that the Poincar\'e gauge theory exhibits gravity-induced birefringence under the assumption of a specific gauge invariant…
The role of gauge invariance is reconsidered by "deriving it without assuming it" within an autonomous approach to interactions of Standard Model particles. In this approach, the renormalizable interactions are purely constrained by quantum…
Based on transformation optics, we introduce another set of generalized laws of reflection and refraction (differs from that of [Science 334, 333 (2011)]), through which a transformation media slab is derived as a meta-surface, producing…
Using the Batalin-Vilkovisky technique and the background field method the proof of gauge invariant renormalizability is elaborated for a generic model of quantum gravity which is diffeomorphism invariant and has no other, potentially…
Fraunhofer diffraction plays a vital role in experimental physics not only because it accurately describes the behaviour of light in the usual propagation limit, but also because it links the diffracted light with the scattering object…
The relationship between various methods to calculate the physical degrees of freedom for gauge invariant systems of a general form is established. The set of hidden parameters caused for the superfluous degrees of freedom is revealed.
Recent DFT (density functional theory) simulations showed that metals have a hitherto overlooked symmetry termed "hidden scale invariance" [Hummel {\em et al.}, Phys. Rev. B {\bf{92}}, 174116 (2015)]. According to isomorph theory, this…
A gauge transformation in quantum electrodynamics involves the product of field operators at the same space-time point and hence does not have a well-defined meaning. One way to avoid this difficulty is to generalize the gauge…
Here we develop a general theory of mode transformation (diffraction) at the flat transverse boundary between cold magnetized electron plasma and isotropic vacuum-like medium inside a circular waveguide. The obtained results can be also…
The association of broken symmetries with phase transitions is ubiquitous in condensed matter physics: crystals break translational symmetry, magnets break rotational symmetry, and superconductors break gauge symmetry. However, despite the…
Gauge invariance, a core principle in electrodynamics, has two separate meanings. One concept treats the photon as the gauge particle for electrodynamics. It is based on symmetries of the Lagrangian, and requires no mention of electric or…
Metagrating is a new concept for wavefront manipulation that, unlike phase gradient metasurfaces, does not suffer from low efficiency and also has a less complicated fabrication process. In this paper, a compound metallic grating (a…
Plasmonic gratings constitute a paradigmatic instance of the wide range of applications enabled by plasmonics. While subwavelength metal gratings find applications in optical biosensing and photovoltaics, atomically thin gratings achieved…
The principle of Random Galilean Transformation (RGT) Invariance is applied to the random motion of particles in a turbulent gas to construct a kinetic equation for the transport of the particle phase space probability…
It is shown that gauge theories are most naturally studied via a polar decomposition of the field variable. Gauge transformations may be viewed as those that leave the density invariant but change the phase variable by additive amounts. The…
This paper studies the theory and applications of the diffraction of electromagnetic waves by space-time periodic (STP) diffraction gratings. We show that, in contrast with conventional spatially periodic grating, a STP diffraction grating…
We report on the formation of moir{\'e} patterns when observing the diffraction of surface plasmons by periodic gratings of finite extent with an imaging spectrometer that maps the light emission as a function of the wavelength and the…
Refraction at the interface between two materials is fundamental to the interaction of light with photonic devices and to the propagation of light through the atmosphere at large. Underpinning the traditional rules for the refraction of an…
This paper provides a mathematical approach to study metasurfaces in non flat geometries. Analytical conditions between the curvature of the surface and the set of refracted directions are introduced to guarantee the existence of phase…