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Astronomical observations of cosmic sources in the far-infrared and X-ray bands require extreme sensitivity. The most sensitive detectors are cryogenic bolometers and calorimeters operating typically at about 100 mK. The last stage of…
The fundamental limits of the microwave noise performance of high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) are of scientific and practical interest for applications in radio astronomy and quantum computing. Self-heating at cryogenic…
Small scale renewable energy harvesting is an attractive solution to the growing need for power in remote technological applications. For this purpose, localized thermal gradients on-chip--created via radiative cooling--could be exploited…
The energy dependent thermoelectric response of a single molecule contains valuable information about its transmission function and its excited states. However, measuring it requires devices that can efficiently heat up one side of the…
Quantum computers based on solid state qubits have been a subject of rapid development in recent years. In current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) technology, each quantum device is controlled and characterised though a dedicated…
Heat capacity measurements under high pressure places high demands on the calorimeter. Here we describe the development of a miniaturized nanocalorimeter for high-pressure heat capacity measurements at low temperature. The device,…
Previous cryogenic electronics studies are most above 4.2K. In this paper we present the cryogenic characterization of a 0.18{\mu}m standard bulk CMOS technology(1.8V and 5V) at sub-kelvin temperature around 270mK. PMOS and NMOS devices…
The extent to which a temperature can be appropriately assigned to a small quantum system, as an internal property but not as a property of any large environment, is still an open problem. In this paper, a method is proposed for solving…
Controlling thermal transport is important for a range of devices and technologies, from phase change memories to next-generation electronics. This is especially true in nano-scale devices where thermal transport is altered by the influence…
The reliable measurement and accurate control of the temperature within nanophotonic devices is a key prerequisite for their application in both classical and quantum technologies. Established approaches use sensors that are attached in…
This paper presents an extensive characterization and modeling of a commercial 28-nm FDSOI CMOS process operating down to cryogenic temperatures. The important cryogenic phenomena influencing this technology are discussed. The…
We measure the temperature of a mesoscopic system consisting of an ultra-dilute two dimensional electron gas at the $Si/SiO_2$ interface in a metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) quantum dot by means of the capture and…
Fast feedback from cryogenic electrical characterization measurements is key for the development of scalable quantum computing technology. At room temperature, high-throughput device testing is accomplished with a probe-based solution,…
We report experimental demonstration of the feasibility of reaching temperatures below 1 mK using cryogen-free technology. Our prototype system comprises an adiabatic nuclear demagnetisation stage, based on hyperfine-enhanced nuclear…
Future quantum computing systems will require cryogenic integrated circuits to control and measure millions of qubits. In this paper, we report the design and characterization of a prototype cryogenic CMOS integrated circuit that has been…
We report on microwave optomechanics measurements performed on a nuclear adiabatic demagnetization cryostat, whose temperature is determined by accurate thermometry from below 500$~\mu$K to about 1$~$Kelvin. We describe a method for…
This paper presents the design and benchmarking of cryogenic bulk-FETs using an experimentally calibrated TCAD framework that integrates 2-D electrostatics and interface-trap effects from $T = 2$ K to 300 K. For a 28-nm node device, carrier…
Scaling superconducting quantum computers to the fault-tolerant regime calls for a commensurate scaling of the classical control and readout stack. Today's systems largely rely on room-temperature, rack-based instrumentation connected to…
Surface temperature measurements were performed with a Scanning Thermal Microscope mounted with a thermoresistive wire probe of micrometrSurface temperature measurements were performed with a Scanning Thermal Microscope mounted with a…
The main purpose of this work was to design, develop and construct a simple, low-cost AC susceptometer to measure large, bulk superconducting samples (up to 32 mm in diameter) in the temperature range 78-120 K. The design incorporates a…