Related papers: Minimum Word Error Rate Training with Language Mod…

The external language models (LM) integration remains a challenging task for end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) which has no clear division between acoustic and language models. In this work, we propose an internal LM…

The efficacy of external language model (LM) integration with existing end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems can be improved significantly using the internal language model estimation (ILME) method. In this method, the…

Language models (LMs) significantly improve the recognition accuracy of end-to-end (E2E) models on words rarely seen during training, when used in either the shallow fusion or the rescoring setups. In this work, we introduce LMs in the…

Internal Language Model Estimation (ILME) based language model (LM) fusion has been shown significantly improved recognition results over conventional shallow fusion in both intra-domain and cross-domain speech recognition tasks. In this…

The internal language model (ILM) of the neural transducer has been widely studied. In most prior work, it is mainly used for estimating the ILM score and is subsequently subtracted during inference to facilitate improved integration with…

Recent advances in deep learning and automatic speech recognition (ASR) have enabled the end-to-end (E2E) ASR system and boosted the accuracy to a new level. The E2E systems implicitly model all conventional ASR components, such as the…

In this work, we propose a novel and efficient minimum word error rate (MWER) training method for RNN-Transducer (RNN-T). Unlike previous work on this topic, which performs on-the-fly limited-size beam-search decoding and generates…

Hybrid Autoregressive Transducer (HAT) is a recently proposed end-to-end acoustic model that extends the standard Recurrent Neural Network Transducer (RNN-T) for the purpose of the external language model (LM) fusion. In HAT, the blank…

We propose a new shallow fusion (SF) method to exploit an external backward language model (BLM) for end-to-end automatic speech recognition (ASR). The BLM has complementary characteristics with a forward language model (FLM), and the…

Text-only adaptation of an end-to-end (E2E) model remains a challenging task for automatic speech recognition (ASR). Language model (LM) fusion-based approaches require an additional external LM during inference, significantly increasing…

End-to-end automatic speech recognition suffers from adaptation to unknown target domain speech despite being trained with a large amount of paired audio--text data. Recent studies estimate a linguistic bias of the model as the internal…

This paper presents an efficient decoding approach for end-to-end automatic speech recognition (E2E-ASR) with large language models (LLMs). Although shallow fusion is the most common approach to incorporate language models into E2E-ASR…

ASR model deployment environment is ever-changing, and the incoming speech can be switched across different domains during a session. This brings a challenge for effective domain adaptation when only target domain text data is available,…

Proper nouns present a challenge for end-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems in that a particular name may appear only rarely during training, and may have a pronunciation similar to that of a more common word. Unlike…

End-to-end (E2E) automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems lack the distinct language model (LM) component that characterizes traditional speech systems. While this simplifies the model architecture, it complicates the task of…

Attention-based sequence-to-sequence models for automatic speech recognition jointly train an acoustic model, language model, and alignment mechanism. Thus, the language model component is only trained on transcribed audio-text pairs. This…

While large language models (LLM) have made impressive progress in natural language processing, it remains unclear how to utilize them in improving automatic speech recognition (ASR). In this work, we propose to train a single multilingual…

The advent of Large Language Models (LLM) has reformed the Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Prompting LLM with audio embeddings to generate transcriptions becomes the new state-of-the-art ASR. Despite LLMs being trained with an extensive…

End-to-end ASR models trained on large amount of data tend to be implicitly biased towards language semantics of the training data. Internal language model estimation (ILME) has been proposed to mitigate this bias for autoregressive models…

End-to-end models have achieved state-of-the-art results on several automatic speech recognition tasks. However, they perform poorly when evaluated on long-form data, e.g., minutes long conversational telephony audio. One reason the model…