Internal Language Model Estimation (ILME) based language model (LM) fusion has been shown significantly improved recognition results over conventional shallow fusion in both intra-domain and cross-domain speech recognition tasks. In this paper, we attempt to apply our ILME method to cross-domain code-switching speech recognition (CSSR) work. Specifically, our curiosity comes from several aspects. First, we are curious about how effective the ILME-based LM fusion is for both intra-domain and cross-domain CSSR tasks. We verify this with or without merging two code-switching domains. More importantly, we train an end-to-end (E2E) speech recognition model by means of merging two monolingual data sets and observe the efficacy of the proposed ILME-based LM fusion for CSSR. Experimental results on SEAME that is from Southeast Asian and another Chinese Mainland CS data set demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed ILME-based LM fusion method.
@article{arxiv.2207.04176,
title = {Internal Language Model Estimation based Language Model Fusion for Cross-Domain Code-Switching Speech Recognition},
author = {Yizhou Peng and Yufei Liu and Jicheng Zhang and Haihua Xu and Yi He and Hao Huang and Eng Siong Chng},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2207.04176},
year = {2022}
}