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Efforts have been made to make machines converse like humans in the past few decades. The recent techniques of Large Language Models (LLMs) make it possible to have human-like conversations with machines, but LLM's flaws of lacking…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Yankai Zeng

Conversational AI chatbots are transforming industries by streamlining customer service, automating transactions, and enhancing user engagement. However, evaluating these systems remains a challenge, particularly in financial services,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Shailja Gupta , Rajesh Ranjan , Surya Narayan Singh

Self-disclosure, the sharing of one's thoughts and feelings, is affected by the perceived relationship between individuals. While chatbots are increasingly used for self-disclosure, the impact of a chatbot's framing on users'…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Samuel Rhys Cox , Rune Møberg Jacobsen , Niels van Berkel

In spoken dialogue systems, we aim to deploy artificial intelligence to build automated dialogue agents that can converse with humans. Dialogue systems are increasingly being designed to move beyond just imitating conversation and also…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Atharv Singh Patlan , Shiven Tripathi , Shubham Korde

Language generation models' democratization benefits many domains, from answering health-related questions to enhancing education by providing AI-driven tutoring services. However, language generation models' democratization also makes it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-03 Paras Bhatt , Anthony Rios

In this paper, we attempt to understand the anthropomorphic features of chatbot outputs and how these features provide a discursive frame for human-AI interactions. To do so, we explore the use of a prompt-based walkthrough method with two…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Takuya Maeda

Task-oriented conversational systems are essential for efficiently addressing diverse user needs, yet their development requires substantial amounts of high-quality conversational data that is challenging and costly to obtain. While large…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-11-06 Zhefan Wang , Ning Geng , Zhiqiang Guo , Weizhi Ma , Min Zhang

Goal-oriented conversational agents are becoming prevalent in our daily lives. For these systems to engage users and achieve their goals, they need to exhibit appropriate social behavior as well as provide informative replies that guide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Yi-Chia Wang , Alexandros Papangelis , Runze Wang , Zhaleh Feizollahi , Gokhan Tur , Robert Kraut

Is chatbot able to completely replace the human agent? The short answer could be - "it depends...". For some challenging cases, e.g., dialogue's topical spectrum spreads beyond the training corpus coverage, the chatbot may malfunction and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-15 Jiawei Liu , Zhe Gao , Yangyang Kang , Zhuoren Jiang , Guoxiu He , Changlong Sun , Xiaozhong Liu , Wei Lu

Meaningful human-AI collaboration requires more than processing language; it demands a deeper understanding of symbols and their socially constructed meanings. While humans naturally interpret symbols through social interaction, AI systems…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-08 Reza Habibi , Seung Wan Ha , Zhiyu Lin , Atieh Kashani , Ala Shafia , Lakshana Lakshmanarajan , Chia-Fang Chung , Magy Seif El-Nasr

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in customer-facing applications, a critical yet underexplored question is how users communicate differently with LLM chatbots compared to human agent. In this study, we present…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-06 Fulei Zhang , Zhou Yu

LLM based chatbots have become central interfaces in technical, educational, and analytical domains, supporting tasks such as code reasoning, problem solving, and information exploration. As these systems scale, sustainability concerns have…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Ronnie de Souza Santos , Cleyton Magalhães , Italo Santos

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) can profoundly affect reciprocal social communication, resulting in substantial and challenging impairments. One aspect is that for people with ASD conversations in everyday life are challenging due to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Christian Poglitsch , Johanna Pirker

Communication between humans and artificial agents is essential for their interaction. This is often inspired by human communication, which uses gestures, facial expressions, gaze direction, and other explicit and implicit means. This work…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Ana Christina Almada Campos , Bruno Vilhena Adorno

Artificial Intelligence (AI) chatbots are increasingly used for emotional, creative, and social support, leading to sustained and routine user interaction with these systems. As these applications evolve through frequent version updates,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Sirajam Munira , Lydia Manikonda

Improving user experience of a dialogue system often requires intensive developer effort to read conversation logs, run statistical analyses, and intuit the relative importance of system shortcomings. This paper presents a novel approach to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-11-02 James D. Finch , Sarah E. Finch , Jinho D. Choi

The article proposes a system for knowledge-based conversation designed for Social Robots and other conversational agents. The proposed system relies on an Ontology for the description of all concepts that may be relevant conversation…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-08-23 Lucrezia Grassi , Carmine Tommaso Recchiuto , Antonio Sgorbissa

AI chatbots are becoming a primary interface for seeking information. As their popularity grows, chatbot providers are starting to deploy advertising and analytics. Despite this, tracking on AI chatbots has not been systematically studied.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-14 Muhammad Jazlan , Ethan Wang , Yash Vekaria , Zubair Shafiq

This study presents a unique framework that applies and extends Solove (2006)'s taxonomy to address privacy concerns in interactions with text-based AI chatbots. As chatbot prevalence grows, concerns about user privacy have heightened.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Ece Gumusel , Kyrie Zhixuan Zhou , Madelyn Rose Sanfilippo

This paper describes an experimental evaluation aimed at detecting the users' perception of the robot's empathic abilities during a conversation. The results have been then analyzed to search for a possible relationship between the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-05-03 Alberto Lillo , Alessandro Saracco , Elena Siletto , Claudio Mattutino , Cristina Gena