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Related papers: Optimal Fees for Geometric Mean Market Makers

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In decentralized finance, any individual can pool their assets into an automated market maker (AMM) -- herein we focus on the constant product market maker (CPMM) -- in exchange for a claim on a fraction of future pool assets and fees…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-01-27 Maxim Bichuch , Zachary Feinstein

We consider the market microstructure of automated market makers (AMMs) from the perspective of liquidity providers (LPs). Our central contribution is a ``Black-Scholes formula for AMMs''. We identify the main adverse selection cost…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2024-05-29 Jason Milionis , Ciamac C. Moallemi , Tim Roughgarden , Anthony Lee Zhang

This paper develops a robust mathematical framework for Constant Function Market Makers (CFMMs) by transitioning from traditional token reserve analyses to a coordinate system defined by price and intrinsic liquidity. We establish a…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-03-03 Jimmy Risk , Shen-Ning Tung , Tai-Ho Wang

We consider Geometric Mean Market Makers -- a special type of Decentralized Exchange -- with two types of users: liquidity takers and arbitrageurs. Liquidity takers trade at prices that can create arbitrage opportunities, while arbitrageurs…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-03-21 Masaaki Fukasawa , Basile Maire , Marcus Wunsch

Decentralized Finance (DeFi) has revolutionized financial markets by enabling complex asset-exchange protocols without trusted intermediaries. Automated Market Makers (AMMs) are a central component of DeFi, providing the core functionality…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-03 Marco Dessalvi , Massimo Bartoletti , Alberto Lluch-Lafuente

We present an automated market-making (AMM) cross-settlement mechanism for digital assets on interoperable blockchains, focusing on central bank digital currencies (CBDCs) and stable coins. We develop an innovative approach for generating…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2021-09-28 Alex Lipton , Artur Sepp

Automated market makers (AMMs) have emerged as the dominant market mechanism for trading on decentralized exchanges implemented on blockchains. This paper presents a single mechanism that targets two important unsolved problems for AMMs:…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-13 Austin Adams , Ciamac C. Moallemi , Sara Reynolds , Dan Robinson

We investigate whether the fee income from trades on the CFM is sufficient for the liquidity providers to hedge away the exposure to market risk. We first analyse this problem through the lens of continuous-time financial mathematics and…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2023-02-10 Samuel Cohen , Marc Sabaté Vidales , David Šiška , Łukasz Szpruch

Automated Market Makers (AMMs) are decentralized applications that allow users to exchange crypto-tokens without the need for a matching exchange order. AMMs are one of the most successful DeFi use cases: indeed, major AMM platforms process…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-20 Massimo Bartoletti , James Hsin-yu Chiang , Alberto Lluch-Lafuente

Decentralized exchanges (DEXs) face persistent challenges in liquidity retention and user engagement due to inefficiencies in conventional automated market maker (AMM) designs. This work proposes a dual-mechanism framework to address these…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-28 CY Yan , Steve Keol , Xo Co , Nate Leung

Decentralized exchanges are widely used platforms for trading crypto assets. The most common types work with automated market makers (AMM), allowing traders to exchange assets without needing to find matching counterparties. Thereby,…

General Economics · Economics 2024-02-12 Matthias Hafner , Helmut Dietl

Within this work we consider an axiomatic framework for Automated Market Makers (AMMs). AMMs are smart contracts that set prices for swaps on a pool of assets. By imposing reasonable axioms on the underlying utility function, we are able to…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2025-02-04 Maxim Bichuch , Zachary Feinstein

Liquidation of collateral are the primary safeguard for solvency of lending protocols in decentralized finance. However, the mechanics of liquidations expose these protocols to predatory price manipulations and other forms of Maximal…

Mathematical Finance · Quantitative Finance 2026-02-13 Agathe Sadeghi , Zachary Feinstein

Designing automated market makers (AMMs) for prediction markets on combinatorial securities over large outcome spaces poses significant computational challenges. Prior research has primarily focused on combinatorial prediction markets…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-11-15 Prommy Sultana Hossain , Xintong Wang , Fang-Yi Yu

This paper presents a general framework for the design and analysis of exchange mechanisms between two assets that unifies and enables comparisons between the two dominant paradigms for exchange, constant function market markers (CFMMs) and…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-04-21 Jason Milionis , Ciamac C. Moallemi , Tim Roughgarden

We study axiomatic foundations for different classes of constant-function automated market makers (CFMMs). We focus particularly on separability and on different invariance properties under scaling. Our main results are an axiomatic…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Jan Christoph Schlegel , Mateusz Kwaśnicki , Akaki Mamageishvili

Automated Market Makers (AMMs) are essential to decentralized finance, offering continuous liquidity and enabling intermediary-free trading on blockchains. However, participants in AMMs are vulnerable to Maximal Extractable Value (MEV)…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2024-10-25 Mengqian Zhang , Sen Yang , Fan Zhang

Public blockchains implement a fee mechanism to allocate scarce computational resources across competing transactions. Most existing fee market designs utilize a joint, fungible unit of account (e.g., gas in Ethereum) to price otherwise…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2022-11-04 Theo Diamandis , Alex Evans , Tarun Chitra , Guillermo Angeris

We consider the social welfare that can be facilitated by a constant function market maker (CFMM). When there is sufficient liquidity available to the CFMM, it can approximate the optimal social welfare when all users transactions are…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2022-11-24 Bruno Mazorra , Nicolás Della Penna

Two popular forms of automated market makers are constant sum and constant product (CSMM and CPMM respectively). Each has its advantages and disadvantages: CSMMs have stable exchange rates but are vulnerable to arbitrage and can sometimes…

Trading and Market Microstructure · Quantitative Finance 2022-04-07 Alexander Port , Neelesh Tiruviluamala