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In order to prevent the potential frequency instability due to the high Power Electronics (PE) penetration under an unintentional islanding event, this paper presents a novel microgrid scheduling model which explicitly models the system…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-07-01 Zhongda Chu , Ning Zhang , Fei Teng

Traditionally, inertia in power systems has been determined by considering all the rotating masses directly connected to the grid. During the last decade, the integration of renewable energy sources, mainly photovoltaic installations and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-06 Ana Fernández-Guillamón , Emilio Gómez-Lázaro , Eduard Muljadi , Angel Molina-García

The growing penetration of distributed energy resources (DERs) has increased the complexity of the power system due to their intermittent characteristics and lower inertial response, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems and wind turbines. This…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-06-25 Mohammad Khatibi , Sara Ahmed

Integrating Information and Communications Technology (ICT) devices into the power grid brings many benefits. However, it also exposes the grid to new potential cyber threats. Many control and protection mechanisms, such as Load Frequency…

The smart grid combines the classical power system with information technology, leading to a cyber-physical system. In such an environment the malicious injection of data has the potential to cause severe consequences. Classical…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-08-26 Elisabeth Drayer , Tirza Routtenberg

Large-scale deployment of RES has led to significant generation shares of variable RES in power systems worldwide. RES units, notably inverter-connected wind turbines and PV that as such do not provide rotational inertia, are effectively…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2014-12-23 Andreas Ulbig , Theodor S. Borsche , Göran Andersson

Accurate and reliable dynamic state quantities of generators are very important for real-time monitoring and control of the power system. The emergence of cyber attacks has brought new challenges to the state estimation of generators.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-10-15 Yang Li , Zhi Li , Liang Chen , Guoqing Li

The integration of synchronous generators and energy storage systems operated through communication networks introduces new challenges and vulnerabilities to the electric grid, where cyber attacks can corrupt sensor measurements or control…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-07-26 Jairo Giraldo , Masood Parvania

False Data Injection (FDI) attacks against powersystem state estimation are a growing concern for operators.Previously, most works on FDI attacks have been performedunder the assumption of the attacker having full knowledge ofthe underlying…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-02-25 Martin Higgins , Jiawei Zhang , Ning Zhang , Fei Teng

This paper presents a distributed frequency control method for power grids with high penetration of inverter-connected resources under low and time-varying inertia due to renewable energy (RE). We provide a distributed virtual inertia (VI)…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-09-20 Manasa Muralidharan , Jan Kleissl , Patricia Hidalgo-Gonzalez

Understanding smart grid cyber attacks is key for developing appropriate protection and recovery measures. Advanced attacks pursue maximized impact at minimized costs and detectability. This paper conducts risk analysis of combined data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2017-08-29 Kaikai Pan , André Teixeira , Milos Cvetkovic , Peter Palensky

The electric grid is an attractive target for cyberattackers given its critical nature in society. With the increasing sophistication of cyberattacks, effective grid defense will benefit from proactively identifying vulnerabilities and…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-14 Amr S. Mohamed , Deepa Kundur

Due to the energy crisis and environmental pollution, the installed capacity of inverter-based resources (IBRs) in power grids is rapidly increasing, and grid-following control (GFL) is the most prevalent at present. Meanwhile, grid-forming…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-02-05 Yinhong Lin , Bin Wang , Qinglai Guo , Haotian Zhao , Hongbin Sun

The increasing penetration of inverter-based renewable generation has significantly reduced system inertia, making modern power grids more vulnerable to rapid frequency deviations following disturbances. While a wide range of flexible…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-12-18 Xiaojie Tao , Rajit Gadh

Large-scale integration of renewables in power systems gives rise to new challenges for keeping synchronization and frequency stability in volatile and uncertain power flow states. To ensure the safety of operation, the system must maintain…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-21 Chao Duan , Pratyush Chakraborty , Takashi Nishikawa , Adilson E. Motter

The evolution of the traditional power system towards the modern smart grid has posed many new cybersecurity challenges to this critical infrastructure. One of the most dangerous cybersecurity threats is the False Data Injection (FDI)…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-03-12 Nam N. Tran , Hemanshu R. Pota , Quang N. Tran , Xuefei Yin , Jiankun Hu

The increasing integration of renewable energy sources exacerbates the spatial and temporal differences in frequency across the power system, posing a serious challenge to the accurate and efficient assessment of system frequency security.…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2026-04-30 Changjun He , Hua Geng , Xiuqiang He , Chen Shen , Yushuang Liu

This letter proposes a novel, fully distributed, transient-safe resilient secondary control strategies for AC microgrids, addressing unbounded false data injection (FDI) attacks on control input channels. Unlike existing methods that focus…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-08 Mohamadamin Rajabinezhad , Nesa Shams , Yichao Wang , Shan Zuo

Power grids heavily rely on Automatic Generation Control (AGC) systems to maintain grid stability by balancing generation and demand. However, the increasing digitization and interconnection of power grid infrastructure expose AGC systems…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-04-29 Vasileios Dimitropoulos , Andreas D. Syrmakesis , Nikos Hatziargyriou

Nowadays, power system inertia is changing as a consequence of replacing conventional units by renewable energy sources, mainly wind and PV power plants. This fact affects significantly the grid frequency response under power imbalances. As…

Systems and Control · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-05-06 A. Fernández-Guillamón , A. Vigueras-Rodríguez , A. Molina-García