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The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) refers to current generation due to illumination by light in a homogeneous bulk material lacking inversion symmetry. In addition to the intensively studied shift current, the ballistic current, which…

Materials Science · Physics 2021-05-05 Zhenbang Dai , Aaron M. Schankler , Lingyuan Gao , Liang Z. Tan , Andrew M. Rappe

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) occurs in solids with broken inversion symmetry and refers to DC current generation due to uniform illumination, without the need of heterostructures or interfaces, a feature that is distinct from the…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-06-02 Zhenbang Dai , Andrew M. Rappe

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) -- generation of electric currents by light in noncentrosymmetric materials in the absence of electric fields and gradients -- has been intensively investigated in the end of the last century. The…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2019-11-28 Boris Sturman

Photodetection is an indispensable function of optoelectronic devices in modern communication and sensing systems. Contrary to the near-infrared/visible regions, the fast and sensitive photodetectors operated at room temperature for the…

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) is a phenomenon which creates a net electrical current from sunlight in a polar noncentrosymmetric material possessing a moderate band gap. This effect is being explored as an alternative to traditional…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-02-14 John A. Brehm

The connection between noncentrosymmetric materials' structure, electronic structure, and bulk photovoltaic performance remains not well understood. In particular, it is still unclear which photovoltaic (PV) mechanism(s) are relevant for…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-05-20 Fenggong Wang , Andrew M. Rappe

We compute the shift current bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) in bulk BaTiO$_3$ and two-dimensional monochalcogenide SnSe considering quasi-particle corrections and exciton effects. We explore changes in shift current peak position and…

Materials Science · Physics 2020-01-15 Ruixiang Fei , Liang Z. Tan , Andrew M. Rappe

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) refers to the direct current generation in a noncentrosymmetric material under illumination and can be applied to solar energy technology. BPVE includes injection and shift currents, led by the change of…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-11-04 Bo-Xin Lin , Hsiu-Chuan Hsu

We calculate the bulk photovoltaic response of the ferroelectrics BaTiO$_3$ and PbTiO$_3$ from first principles by applying "shift current" theory to the electronic structure from density functional theory. The first principles results for…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-06-04 Steve M. Young , Andrew M. Rappe

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) generates a direct current photocurrent under uniform irradiation and is a nonlinear optical effect traditionally studied in non-centrosymmetric materials. The two main origins of BPVE are the shift and…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2025-03-03 Ying-Ming Xie , Naoto Nagaosa

The correlation between the shift current mechanism for the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) and the structural and electronic properties of ferroelectric perovskite oxides is not well understood. Here, we study and engineer the shift…

Materials Science · Physics 2015-03-03 Fenggong Wang , Steve M. Young , Fan Zheng , Ilya Grinberg , Andrew M. Rappe

This article reviews the theory of electron-phonon interactions in solids from the point of view of ab-initio calculations. While the electron-phonon interaction has been studied for almost a century, predictive non-empirical calculations…

Materials Science · Physics 2017-03-08 Feliciano Giustino

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) is a second-order optical process in noncentrosymmetric materials that converts the light into DC currents. BPVE is classified into shift current and injection current according to the generation…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-02-21 Hanqi Pi , Shuai Zhang , Hongming Weng

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) offers a promising avenue to surpass the efficiency limitations of current solar cell technology. However, disentangling intrinsic and extrinsic contributions to photocurrent remains a significant…

We investigate the effect of local electron-phonon coupling on nonlinear optical conductivity in an interacting ferroelectric system. Using real-time simulations, we show an enhancement in nonlinear conductivity under linearly-polarized…

Materials Science · Physics 2022-08-23 Sangeeta Rajpurohit , Tadashi Ogitsu , Liang Z. Tan

Electron beam induced current (EBIC) is a powerful technique which measures the charge collection efficiency of photovoltaics with sub-micron spatial resolution. The exciting electron beam results in a high generation rate density of…

Materials Science · Physics 2014-10-17 Paul M. Haney , Heayoung P. Yoon , Prakash Koirala , Robert W. Collins , Nikolai B. Zhitenev

The bulk photovoltaic (BPV) effect that converts light into electric current is highly sensitive to the system symmetry and its electronic Bloch wavefunction. To create a sizable net electric current, it is necessary to break the…

Materials Science · Physics 2024-07-08 Chunmei Zhang , Jian Zhou

A bulk material without inversion symmetry can generate a direct current under illumination. This interface-free current generation mechanism, referred to as the bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), does not rely on $p$-$n$ junctions. Here, we…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-05-01 Zhuang Qian , Jian Zhou , Hua Wang , Shi Liu

The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE), a manifestation of broken centrosymmetry, has attracted interest as a probe of the symmetry and quantum geometry of materials, and for use in novel optoelectronic devices. Despite its bulk nature, the…

Bulk photovoltaic (BPV) effect, a second order nonlinear process that generates static current under light irradiation, requires centrosymmetric broken systems as its application platform. In order to realize measurable BPV photocurrent in…

Materials Science · Physics 2023-01-05 Xingchi Mu , Qianqian Xue , Yan Sun , Jian Zhou
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