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The recently proposed Conformer model has become the de facto backbone model for various downstream speech tasks based on its hybrid attention-convolution architecture that captures both local and global features. However, through a series…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-18 Sehoon Kim , Amir Gholami , Albert Shaw , Nicholas Lee , Karttikeya Mangalam , Jitendra Malik , Michael W. Mahoney , Kurt Keutzer

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have been established as the state-of-the-art algorithm for advanced machine learning applications. Recently, CapsuleNets have improved the generalization ability, as compared to DNNs, due to their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-04-15 Alberto Marchisio , Muhammad Abdullah Hanif , Mohammad Taghi Teimoori , Muhammad Shafique

In this paper, a diffusion-based molecular communication channel between two nano-machines is considered. The effect of the amount of memory on performance is characterized, and a simple memory-limited decoder is proposed and its…

Biological Physics · Physics 2014-05-05 Reza Mosayebi , Hamidreza Arjmandi , Amin Gohari , Masoumeh Nasiri Kenari , Urbashi Mitra

Large language models (LLMs) are central to modern natural language processing, delivering exceptional performance in various tasks. However, their substantial computational and memory requirements present challenges, especially for devices…

We study the problem of compressing recurrent neural networks (RNNs). In particular, we focus on the compression of RNN acoustic models, which are motivated by the goal of building compact and accurate speech recognition systems which can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-03 Rohit Prabhavalkar , Ouais Alsharif , Antoine Bruguier , Ian McGraw

Voice communication using the air conduction microphone in noisy environments suffers from the degradation of speech audibility. Bone conduction microphones (BCM) are robust against ambient noises but suffer from limited effective bandwidth…

Sound · Computer Science 2021-12-28 Yuang Li , Yuntao Wang , Xin Liu , Yuanchun Shi , Shao-fu Shih

Transformer-based embedding models suffer from quadratic computational and linear memory complexity, limiting their utility for long sequences. We propose recurrent architectures as an efficient alternative, introducing a vertically chunked…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Tobias Grantner , Emanuel Sallinger , Martin Flechl

With its strong modeling capacity that comes from a multi-head and multi-layer structure, Transformer is a very powerful model for learning a sequential representation and has been successfully applied to speech separation recently.…

Sound · Computer Science 2020-10-26 Sanyuan Chen , Yu Wu , Zhuo Chen , Takuya Yoshioka , Shujie Liu , Jinyu Li

Transformers face a quadratic bottleneck in attention when scaling to long contexts. Recent approaches introduce recurrent memory to extend context beyond the current window, yet these often face a fundamental trade-off between theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yunchong Song , Jushi Kai , Liming Lu , Kaixi Qiu , Zhouhan Lin

Speech enhancement is a demanding task in automated speech processing pipelines, focusing on separating clean speech from noisy channels. Transformer based models have recently bested RNN and CNN models in speech enhancement, however at the…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-08-07 Jinyu Long , Jetic Gū , Binhao Bai , Zhibo Yang , Ping Wei , Junli Li

This work introduces TTS-Transducer - a novel architecture for text-to-speech, leveraging the strengths of audio codec models and neural transducers. Transducers, renowned for their superior quality and robustness in speech recognition, are…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-16 Vladimir Bataev , Subhankar Ghosh , Vitaly Lavrukhin , Jason Li

This paper considers Pseudo-Relevance Feedback (PRF) methods for dense retrievers in a resource constrained environment such as that of cheap cloud instances or embedded systems (e.g., smartphones and smartwatches), where memory and CPU are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-12-09 Hang Li , Chuting Yu , Ahmed Mourad , Bevan Koopman , Guido Zuccon

An essential component of modern recurrent sequence models is the forget gate. While Transformers do not have an explicit recurrent form, we show that a forget gate can be naturally incorporated into Transformers by down-weighting the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Zhixuan Lin , Evgenii Nikishin , Xu Owen He , Aaron Courville

Transformer architectures have achieved state-of-the-art results on a variety of sequence modeling tasks. However, their attention mechanism comes with a quadratic complexity in sequence lengths, making the computational overhead…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-06-03 Hao Peng , Jungo Kasai , Nikolaos Pappas , Dani Yogatama , Zhaofeng Wu , Lingpeng Kong , Roy Schwartz , Noah A. Smith

Diffusion models have shown exceptional scaling properties in the image synthesis domain, and initial attempts have shown similar benefits for applying diffusion to unconditional text synthesis. Denoising diffusion models attempt to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-10-17 Matthew Baas , Kevin Eloff , Herman Kamper

Recently, strong results have been demonstrated by Deep Recurrent Neural Networks on natural language transduction problems. In this paper we explore the representational power of these models using synthetic grammars designed to exhibit…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2015-11-04 Edward Grefenstette , Karl Moritz Hermann , Mustafa Suleyman , Phil Blunsom

Speech signals, typically sampled at rates in the tens of thousands per second, contain redundancies, evoking inefficiencies in sequence modeling. High-dimensional speech features such as spectrograms are often used as the input for the…

Conformer-based models have become the dominant end-to-end architecture for speech processing tasks. With the objective of enhancing the conformer architecture for efficient training and inference, we carefully redesigned Conformer with a…

The implementation of on-chip MEMS/NEMS transducers for arbitrary resonators is difficult due to a number of difficulties such as material choice, large dissipation, restriction in high frequency, low sensitivity, poor reliability, and poor…

Applied Physics · Physics 2018-05-21 Meiyong Liao , Liwen Sang , Tokuyuki Teraji , Satoshi Koizumi , Yasuo Koide

Having a sequence-to-sequence model which can operate in an online fashion is important for streaming applications such as Voice Search. Neural transducer is a streaming sequence-to-sequence model, but has shown a significant degradation in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-12-06 Tara N. Sainath , Chung-Cheng Chiu , Rohit Prabhavalkar , Anjuli Kannan , Yonghui Wu , Patrick Nguyen , Zhifeng Chen