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Consider the following probabilistic one-player game: The board is a graph with $n$ vertices, which initially contains no edges. In each step, a new edge is drawn uniformly at random from all non-edges and is presented to the player,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-20 Michael Belfrage , Torsten Mütze , Reto Spöhel

We show, under weaker assumptions than in the previous literature, that a perpetual optimal stopping game always has a value. We also show that there exists an optimal stopping time for the seller, but not necessarily for the buyer.…

Probability · Mathematics 2016-08-16 Erik Ekström , Stephane Villeneuve

We pose 100 new conjectures on representations involving primes or related things, which might interest number theorists and stimulate further research. Below are five typical examples: (i) For any positive integer $n$, there exists…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-12-04 Zhi-Wei Sun

"The chance to win given a certain move" is an easily obtainable quantity from data and often quoted in gaming statistics. It is also the fundamental quantity that reinforcement learning AI bases on. Unfortunately, this conditional…

Physics and Society · Physics 2018-03-16 I-Sheng Yang

We characterize countable dimensionality and strong countable dimensionality by means of an infinite game.

General Topology · Mathematics 2007-09-19 Liljana Babinkostova , Marion Scheepers

In this work initial numbers and repunit numbers have been studied. All numbers have been considered in a decimal notation. The problem of simplicity of initial numbers has been studied. Interesting properties of numbers repunit are proved:…

General Mathematics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Boris V. Tarasov

It is proven that, contrarily to the common belief, the notion of zero is not necessary for having positional representations of numbers. Namely, for any positive integer $k$, a positional representation with the symbols for $1, 2, \ldots,…

History and Overview · Mathematics 2015-05-05 Vincenzo Manca

We study the structural complexity of bimatrix games, formalized via rank, from an empirical perspective. We consider a setting where we have data on player behavior in diverse strategic situations, but where we do not observe the relevant…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2013-05-16 Siddharth Barman , Umang Bhaskar , Federico Echenique , Adam Wierman

In this article, we look at a hat-guessing game, in which each player must guess the color of their own hat while only seeing the hats of the other players. We focus on the case of two hat colors and a countably infinite number of players.…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-10-28 Nathaniel Eldredge

We introduce and study an evolutionary complementarity game where in each round a player of population 1 is paired with a member of population 2. The game is symmetric, and each player tries to obtain an advantageous deal, but when one of…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2015-06-26 Juergen Jost , Wei Li

We demonstrate that a ubiquitous feature of network games, bilateral strategic interactions, is equivalent to having player utilities that are additively separable across opponents. We distinguish two formal notions of bilateral strategic…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2026-02-20 Joseph Root , Evan Sadler

n infinite two-player zero-sum game with a Borel winning set, in which the opponent's actions are monitored eventually but not necessarily immediately after they are played, is determined. The proof relies on a representation of the game as…

Logic · Mathematics 2011-07-06 Eran Shmaya

The number of quantifiers needed to express first-order (FO) properties is captured by two-player combinatorial games called multi-structural games. We analyze these games on binary strings with an ordering relation, using a technique we…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Marco Carmosino , Ronald Fagin , Neil Immerman , Phokion Kolaitis , Jonathan Lenchner , Rik Sengupta

We investigate a game played between two players, Maker and Breaker, on a countably infinite complete graph where the vertices are the rational numbers. The players alternately claim unclaimed edges. It is Maker's goal to have after…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-12-23 Nathan Bowler , Florian Gut

We introduce two-player games which build words over infinite alphabets, and we study the problem of checking the existence of winning strategies. These games are played by two players, who take turns in choosing valuations for variables…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2023-06-22 Diego Figueira , Anirban Majumdar , M. Praveen

Player ONE chooses a meager set and player TWO, a nowhere dense set per inning. They play $\omega$ many innings. ONE's consecutive choices must form a (weakly) increasing sequence. TWO wins if the union of the chosen nowhere dense sets…

Logic · Mathematics 2009-09-25 Marion Scheepers

In this study, we define interaction components of different orders between two input variables based on game theory. We further prove that interaction components of different orders satisfy several desirable properties.

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-04 Hao Zhang , Xu Cheng , Yiting Chen , Quanshi Zhang

This work considers two-player zero-sum semi-Markov games with incomplete information on one side and perfect observation. At the beginning, the system selects a game type according to a given probability distribution and informs to Player…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2021-07-16 Fang Chen , Xianping Guo , Zhong-Wei Liao

There is a set of n indivisible items (or chores), and a set of n players. Each day, a single item should be assigned to each player. We want to ensure that all players feel that they have been treated fairly, not only after the last day,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-03 Terrence Adams , Erel Segal-Halevi

For combinatorial games, temperature is a measure of the volatility, that is, by how much the advantage can change. Typically, the temperature has been measured for individual positions within specific games. In this paper, we give the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-08-23 Svenja Huntemann , Richard J. Nowakowski , Carlos Pereira dos Santos
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