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In many network problems, graphs may change by the addition of nodes, or the same problem may need to be solved in multiple similar graphs. This generates inefficiency, as analyses and systems that are not transferable have to be…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2019-11-11 Luana Ruiz , Luiz F. O. Chamon , Alejandro Ribeiro

A subset of Euclidean space will be said to be $n$-smooth if it has an $n$-dimensional tangent plane at each of its points. Let ${\frak d}_n$ denote the least number $n$-smooth sets into which $n+1$-dimensional Euclidean space can be…

Logic · Mathematics 2016-09-06 Juris Steprāns

The dimension of a graph $G$ is the smallest $d$ for which its vertices can be embedded in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space in the sense that the distances between endpoints of edges equal $1$ (but there may be other unit distances).…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-02-25 Nóra Frankl , Andrey Kupavskii , Konrad J. Swanepoel

In this note we correct the proof of Proposition 4 in our paper "The Laplacian Spectrum of Large Graphs Sampled from Graphons" (arXiv:2004.09177) and we improve several results therein. To this end, we prove a new concentration lemma about…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-07-22 Federica Garin , Paolo Frasca , Renato Vizuete

Consider a random graph process with $n$ vertices corresponding to points $v_{i} \sim {Unif}[0,1]$ embedded randomly in the interval, and where edges are inserted between $v_{i}, v_{j}$ independently with probability given by the graphon…

Probability · Mathematics 2024-06-26 Jeannette Janssen , Aaron Smith

We consider immersions admitting uniform graph representations over the affine tangent space over a ball of fixed radius r>0. We show that for sufficiently small C^0-norm of the graph functions, each graph function is smooth with small…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2012-01-25 Patrick Breuning

We characterize the removability of H\"older-$\alpha$ graphs with respect to continuous Sobolev $W^{1,2}$ functions. For $\alpha > 2/3$ these graphs are removable, while for $\alpha <2/3$ there exist graphs which are not removable.

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2010-06-14 Nicolae Tecu

Graph neural networks (GNNs) are composed of layers consisting of graph convolutions and pointwise nonlinearities. Due to their invariance and stability properties, GNNs are provably successful at learning representations from data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-09 Luana Ruiz , Luiz F. O. Chamon , Alejandro Ribeiro

The complexity of graph homomorphisms has been a subject of intense study [11, 12, 4, 42, 21, 17, 6, 20]. The partition function $Z_{\mathbf A}(\cdot)$ of graph homomorphism is defined by a symmetric matrix $\mathbf A$ over $\mathbb C$. We…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2020-04-15 Jin-Yi Cai , Artem Govorov

Given a graph $G$ and a non-negative integer $d$ let $\alpha_d(G)$ be the order of a largest induced $d$-degenerate subgraph of $G$. We prove that for any pair of non-negative integers $k>d$, if $G$ is a $k$-degenerate graph, then…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-11-19 Alexander Clow , Sean Kim , Ladislav Stacho

Network complexity has been studied for over half a century and has found a wide range of applications. Many methods have been developed to characterize and estimate the complexity of networks. However, there has been little research with…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-01-13 Yann Issartel

Graphons, as limits of graph sequences, provide an operator-theoretic framework for analyzing the asymptotic behavior of graph neural operators. Spectral convergence of sampled graphs to graphons induces convergence of the corresponding…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Roxanne Holden , Luana Ruiz

In this short note, we introduce cospectral graphons, paralleling the notion of cospectral graphs. As in the graph case, we give three equivalent definitions: by equality of spectra, by equality of cycle densities, and by a unitary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-11-21 Jan Hladký , Daniel Iľkovič , Jared León , Xichao Shu

The thinness of a graph is a width parameter that generalizes some properties of interval graphs, which are exactly the graphs of thinness one. Many NP-complete problems can be solved in polynomial time for graphs with bounded thinness,…

In this paper we introduce a generalization of the well known concept of a graceful labeling. Given a graph G with e=dm edges, we call d-graceful labeling of G an injective function from V(G) to the set {0,1,2,..., d(m+1)-1} such that…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2012-09-10 A. Pasotti

We investigate the relative computability of exchangeable binary relational data when presented in terms of the distribution of an invariant measure on graphs, or as a graphon in either $L^1$ or the cut distance. We establish basic…

Estimating the probabilities of linkages in a network has gained increasing interest in recent years. One popular model for network analysis is the exchangeable graph model (ExGM) characterized by a two-dimensional function known as a…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-09-05 Yi Su , Raymond K. W. Wong , Thomas C. M. Lee

Borgs, Chayes, Cohn and Holden (2016+) recently extended the definition of graphons from probability spaces to arbitrary $\sigma$-finite measure spaces, in order to study limits of sparse graphs. They also extended the definition of the cut…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-08-17 Svante Janson

The two-dimensionality of graphene and other layered materials can be exploited to simplify the theoretical description of their plasmonic and polaritonic modes. We present an analytical theory that allows us to simulate these excitations…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2018-08-21 Renwen Yu , Joel D. Cox , J. R. M. Saavedra , F. Javier García de Abajo

Let G be a finite group acting orthogonally on a pair (S^d,\Gamma) where \Gamma is a finite, connected graph of genus g>1 embedded in the sphere S^d. The 3-dimensional case d=3 has recently been considered in a paper by C. Wang, S. Wang, Y.…

Geometric Topology · Mathematics 2017-06-19 Bruno P. Zimmermann