Related papers: UCCA's Foundational Layer: Annotation Guidelines v…
This paper gives a general description of the ideas behind the Parallel Meaning Bank, a framework with the aim to provide an easy way to annotate compositional semantics for texts written in languages other than English. The annotation…
We present the SemEval 2019 shared task on UCCA parsing in English, German and French, and discuss the participating systems and results. UCCA is a cross-linguistically applicable framework for semantic representation, which builds on…
The Universal Dependencies (UD) and Universal Morphology (UniMorph) projects each present schemata for annotating the morphosyntactic details of language. Each project also provides corpora of annotated text in many languages - UD at the…
Humans describe complex scenes with compositionality, using simple text descriptions enriched with links and relationships. While vision-language research has aimed to develop models with compositional understanding capabilities, this is…
While syntactic dependency annotations concentrate on the surface or functional structure of a sentence, semantic dependency annotations aim to capture between-word relationships that are more closely related to the meaning of a sentence,…
It is widely recognized that the proliferation of annotation schemes runs counter to the need to re-use language resources, and that standards for linguistic annotation are becoming increasingly mandatory. To answer this need, we have…
Annotation graphs and annotation servers offer infrastructure to support the analysis of human language resources in the form of time-series data such as text, audio and video. This paper outlines areas of common need among empirical…
The Universal Dependencies (UD) project has created an invaluable collection of treebanks with contributions in over 140 languages. However, the UD annotations do not tell the full story. Grammatical constructions that convey meaning…
Given that semantic Web realization is based on the critical mass of metadata accessibility and the representation of data with formal knowledge, it needs to generate metadata that is specific, easy to understand and well-defined. However,…
The Annotation Graph Toolkit is a collection of software supporting the development of annotation tools based on the annotation graph model. The toolkit includes application programming interfaces for manipulating annotation graph data and…
This paper introduces annotative indexing, a novel framework that unifies and generalizes traditional inverted indexes, column stores, object stores, and graph databases. As a result, annotative indexing can provide the underlying indexing…
The usefulness of annotated corpora is greatly increased if there is an associated tool that can allow various kinds of operations to be performed in a simple way. Different kinds of annotation frameworks and many query languages for them…
We announce a shared task on UCCA parsing in English, German and French, and call for participants to submit their systems. UCCA is a cross-linguistically applicable framework for semantic representation, which builds on extensive…
This document, based on feedback from UMR TETIS members and the scientific literature, provides a generic methodology for creating annotation guidelines and annotated textual datasets (corpora). It covers methodological aspects, as well as…
This handbook is a hands-on guide on how to approach text annotation tasks. It provides a gentle introduction to the topic, an overview of theoretical concepts as well as practical advice. The topics covered are mostly technical, but…
The paper proposes annotation guidelines for syntactic dependencies that span across speaker turns - including collaborative coconstructions proper, wh-question answers, and backchannels - in spoken language treebanks within the Universal…
Today's computer-based annotation systems implement a wide range of functionalities that often go beyond those available in traditional paper-and-pencil annotations. Conceptually, annotation systems are based on thoroughly investigated…
We describe a transfer method based on annotation projection to develop a dependency-based semantic role labeling system for languages for which no supervised linguistic information other than parallel data is available. Unlike previous…
Based on the concept of annotation-based agents, this report introduces tools and a formal notation for defining and running text mining experiments using a statically typed domain-specific language embedded in Scala. Using machine learning…
This paper introduces a novel annotation framework for the fine-grained modeling of Noun Phrases' (NPs) genericity in natural language. The framework is designed to be simple and intuitive, making it accessible to non-expert annotators and…