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The filtering distribution captures the statistics of the state of a dynamical system from partial and noisy observations. Classical particle filters provably approximate this distribution in quite general settings; however they behave…
Near-infrared (NIR) detectors -- which use non-destructive readouts to measure time-series counts-per-pixel -- play a crucial role in modern astrophysics. Standard NIR flux extraction techniques were developed for space-based observations…
Weak gravitational lensing measurements based on photometry are limited by shape noise, the variance in the unknown unlensed orientations of the source galaxies. If the source is a disk galaxy with a well-ordered velocity field, however,…
In this paper, an important discovery has been found for nonconforming immersed finite element (IFE) methods using the integral values on edges as degrees of freedom for solving elliptic interface problems. We show that those IFE methods…
Future linear colliders designs, ILC and CLIC, are expected to be powerful machines for the discovery of Physics Beyond the Standard Model and subsequent precision studies. However, due to the intense beams (high luminosity, high energy),…
Guided image filter is a well-known local filter in image processing. However, the presence of halo artifacts is a common issue associated with this type of filter. This paper proposes an algorithm that utilizes gradient information to…
Text-guided inpainting has made image forgery increasingly realistic, challenging both SID and IFL. However, existing methods often struggle to point out suspicious signals across domains. To address this problem, we propose EDGER, a…
We derive an analytical expression for the effective indices of modes of circular step-index fibers valid near their cutoff wavelengths. The approximation, being a first-order Taylor series of a smooth function, is also valid for the real…
Ridge detection is a classical tool to extract curvilinear features in image processing. As such, it has great promise in applications to material science problems; specifically, for trend filtering relatively stable atom-shaped objects in…
In this paper we propose an algorithm for the detection of edges in images that is based on topological asymptotic analysis. Motivated from the Mumford--Shah functional, we consider a variational functional that penalizes oscillations…
As AI-generated images become increasingly photorealistic, distinguishing them from natural images poses a growing challenge. This paper presents a robust detection framework that leverages multiple uncertainty measures to decide whether to…
The Fisher information matrix (FIM) is a foundational concept in statistical signal processing. The FIM depends on the probability distribution, assumed to belong to a smooth parametric family. Traditional approaches to estimating the FIM…
We discuss capability of Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics to represent adequately the dynamics of self-gravitating systems, in particular for what regards the quality of approximation of force fields in the motion equations. When cubic spline…
Existing algorithms for fitting the parameters of a sinusoid to noisy discrete time observations are not always successful due to initial value sensitivity and other issues. This paper demonstrates the techniques of FIR filtering, Fast…
Modern machine learning systems operating in dynamic environments often face \textit{sequential covariate shift} (SCS), where input distributions evolve over time while the conditional distribution remains stable. We introduce FADE…
D-Optimal designs for estimating parameters of response models are derived by maximizing the determinant of the Fisher information matrix. For non-linear models, the Fisher information matrix depends on the unknown parameter vector of…
Determining whether two sets of images belong to the same or different distributions or domains is a crucial task in modern medical image analysis and deep learning; for example, to evaluate the output quality of image generative models.…
A simple and reliable finite difference approach is presented for solution of the Dirac equation eigenproblem for states confined in rotationally symmetric systems. The method sets the boundary condition for the spinor wave function…
Advanced machine learning algorithms are increasingly utilized to provide data-based prediction and decision-making support in Industry 4.0. However, the prediction accuracy achieved by the existing models is insufficient to warrant…
Flexible intelligent metasurface (FIM) has emerged as a transformative technology to enhance wireless sensing by dynamically morphing its three-dimensional (3D) surface shape and electromagnetic response. Unlike conventional rigid arrays,…