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The change-making problem consists of representing a certain amount of money with the least possible number of coins, from a given, pre-established set of denominations. The greedy algorithm works by choosing the coins of largest possible…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-07-14 Hebert Pérez-Rosés

We prove the existence and uniqueness of tempered random attractors for stochastic Reaction-Diffusion equations on unbounded domains with multiplicative noise and deterministic non-autonomous forcing. We establish the periodicity of the…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2012-05-22 Bixiang Wang

In this paper, we consider the satisfiability problem for string logic with equations, regular membership and Presburger constraints over length functions. The difficulty comes from multiple occurrences of string variables making…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2016-10-12 Quang Loc Le

The critical exponent of an infinite word $\bf x$ is the supremum, over all finite nonempty factors $f$, of the exponent of $f$. In this note we show that for all integers $k\geq 2,$ there is a binary infinite $k$-automatic sequence with…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-25 J. -P. Allouche , N. Rampersad , J. Shallit

It has been proven that, when normalized by $n$, the expected length of a longest common subsequence of $d$ random strings of length $n$ over an alphabet of size $\sigma$ converges to some constant that depends only on $d$ and $\sigma$.…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-07-16 George T. Heineman , Chase Miller , Daniel Reichman , Andrew Salls , Gábor Sárközy , Duncan Soiffer

Recently, it was shown that any theory of strings containing the string-replace function (even the most restricted version where pattern/replacement strings are both constant strings) becomes undecidable if we do not impose some kind of…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2017-11-10 Taolue Chen , Yan Chen , Matthew Hague , Anthony W. Lin , Zhilin Wu

Computing the {\em matching statistics} of a string $P[1..m]$ with respect to a text $T[1..n]$ is a fundamental problem which has application to genome sequence comparison. In this paper, we study the problem of computing the matching…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-01-14 Younan Gao

A Random Access query to a string $T\in [0..\sigma)^n$ asks for the character $T[i]$ at a given position $i\in [0..n)$. In $O(n\log\sigma)$ bits of space, this fundamental task admits constant-time queries. While this is optimal in the…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Anouk Duyster , Tomasz Kociumaka

An identifying code of a closed-twin-free graph $G$ is a dominating set $S$ of vertices of $G$ such that any two vertices in $G$ have a distinct intersection between their closed neighborhoods and $S$. It was conjectured that there exists…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-10-13 Dipayan Chakraborty , Florent Foucaud , Michael A. Henning , Tuomo Lehtilä

When considering binary strings, it's natural to wonder how many distinct subsequences might exist in a given string. Given that there is an existing algorithm which provides a straightforward way to compute the number of distinct…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Yonah Biers-Ariel , Anant Godbole , Elizabeth Kelley

A weighted string over an alphabet of size $\sigma$ is a string in which a set of letters may occur at each position with respective occurrence probabilities. Weighted strings, also known as position weight matrices or uncertain sequences,…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2015-12-09 Carl Barton , Chang Liu , Solon P. Pissis

A two-dimensional string is simply a two-dimensional array. We continue the study of the combinatorial properties of repetitions in such strings over the binary alphabet, namely the number of distinct tandems, distinct quartics, and runs.…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Paweł Gawrychowski , Samah Ghazawi , Gad M. Landau

The theory of sequences, supported by many SMT solvers, can model program data types including bounded arrays and lists. Sequences are parameterized by the element data type and provide operations such as accessing elements, concatenation,…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Denghang Hu , Taolue Chen , Philipp Rümmer , Fu Song , Zhilin Wu

It is shown that, for every $n \geqslant 2$, the maximum length of the shortest string accepted by an $n$-state direction-determinate two-way finite automaton is exactly $\binom{n}{\lfloor\frac{n}{2}\rfloor}-1$ (direction-determinate…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Olga Martynova , Alexander Okhotin

We study the dynamics of the periodically-forced May-Leonard system. We extend previous results on the field and we identify different dynamical regimes depending on the strength of attraction $\delta$ of the network and the frequency…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2020-12-22 Alexandre A. P. Rodrigues

K\"uhn, Osthus, and Townsend asked whether there exists a constant $C$ such that every strongly $Ct$-connected tournament contains all possible $1$-factors with at most $t$ components. We answer this question in the affirmative. This is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-06-11 Dong Yeap Kang , Jaehoon Kim

This survey is a presentation of the arguments in the proof that Henon-like maps f_a(x,y)=(1-a x^2,0) + R(a,x,y) with |R(a,x,y)|< b have a "strange attractor", with positive Lebesgue probability in the parameter "a", if the perturbation…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2015-06-26 Stefano Luzzatto , Marcelo Viana

We investigate the following problem: given a sample of classified strings, find a first-order sentence of minimal quantifier rank that is consistent with the sample. We represent strings as successor string structures, that is, finite…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2018-09-11 Thiago Alves Rocha , Ana Teresa Martins , Francicleber Martins Ferreira

We show that Closest Substring, one of the most important problems in the field of biological sequence analysis, is W[1]-hard when parameterized by the number k of input strings (and remains so, even over a binary alphabet). This problem is…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Michael R. Fellows , Jens Gramm , Rolf Niedermeier

Shannon's entropy is a definitive lower bound for statistical compression. Unfortunately, no such clear measure exists for the compressibility of repetitive strings. Thus, ad hoc measures are employed to estimate the repetitiveness of…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Giulia Bernardini , Gabriele Fici , Paweł Gawrychowski , Solon P. Pissis