Related papers: Nontraditional hypsometric equation
The traditional approximation neglects the cosine components of the Coriolis acceleration, and this approximation has been widely used in the study of geophysical phenomena. However, the justification of the traditional approximation is…
This paper promotes a measure to validate the hydrostatic approximation via scaling the nontraditional Coriolis term (NCT) in the zonal momentum equation. To demonstrate the scaling, this study simulates large-scale flow forced by a…
The meridional component of the earth's rotation is often neglected in geophysical contexts. This is referred to as the `traditional approximation' and is justified by the typically small vertical velocity and aspect ratio of such problems.…
Accurate short-term wind speed forecasting is needed for the rapid development and efficient operation of wind energy resources. This is, however, a very challenging problem. Although on the large scale, the wind speed is related to…
In many rotating fluids, the lowest-order force balance is between gravity, pressure, and rotational acceleration ('GPR' balance). Terrestrial GPR balance takes the form of geostrophy and hydrostasy, which together yield the terrestrial…
We derive a semi-geostrophic variational balance model for the three-dimensional Euler--Boussinesq equations on the non-traditional $f$-plane under the rigid lid approximation. The model is obtained by a small Rossby number expansion in the…
We formulate a depth-averaged non-hydrostatic model to solve wave equations with generation by a moving bottom. This model is built upon the shallow water equations, which are widely used in tsunami wave modelling. An extension leads to two…
Theoretical analyses of the hurricane boundary layer have traditionally relied on slab models, which provide a limited description of wind profiles. Literature on height-resolving methods is typically based on linear analyses, which may…
Adjusting ocean wind observations to a standard height, usually 10 m, requires the use of a boundary layer model, and knowledge of the thermodynamical variables. Height adjustment is complicated by the fact that a necessary parameter, the…
Atmospheric and oceanic mass transport near the equator display a well-studied asymmetry characterized by two modes moving eastward. This asymmetric edge transport is characteristic of interfaces separating two-dimensional topological…
The steady response of the stratosphere to a sea surface temperature (SST) forcing is considered in two separate theoretical models. It is first shown that anomalies in SST impose a geopotential anomaly at the tropopause. Solutions to the…
The dynamics of large-scale geophysical fluids is primarily governed by the balance between the Coriolis force and the pressure gradient. This phenomenon, known as geostrophic equilibrium, is the basis for the geostrophic model, which has…
In the present study a mathematical model of long-crested water waves propagating mainly in one direction with the effect of Earth's rotation is derived by following the formal asymptotic procedures. Such a model equation is analogous to…
In this paper, we study geostrophic turbulence without external forcing or dissipation, using a Casimir-preserving numerical method. The research examines the formation of large zonal jets, common in geophysical flows, especially in giant…
A quasi-geostrophic intermediate complexity model is considered, providing a schematic representation of the baroclinic conversion processes which characterize the physics of the mid-latitudes atmospheric circulation. The model is relaxed…
The International Height Reference System (IHRS) adopted by the IAG in 2015 contains two novelties. First, the mean-tide system is adopted for handling the permanent tide. Second, the reference level of height system is defined by the…
It is well known that the Coriolis force due to Earth's rotation can induce wind veer in the mean flow velocity of an atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), but much less is known about its effects on turbulent coherent structures. In this work,…
Near-surface atmospheric conditions can differ sharply over tens to hundreds of meters due to land cover and topography, yet this variability is absent from current weather analyses and forecasts. It is unclear whether such meter-scale…
A nonparametric procedure to estimate the conditional probability that a nonstationary geostatistical process exceeds a certain threshold value is proposed. The method consists of a bootstrap algorithm that combines conditional simulation…
Rotating Rayleigh--B\'enard convection is an oft-employed model system to evaluate the interplay of buoyant forcing and Coriolis forces due to rotation, an eminently relevant interaction of dynamical effects found in many geophysical and…