Related papers: Nontraditional hypsometric equation
Context. The atmosphere of exoplanets has been studied extensively in recent years, using numerical models to retrieve chemical composition, dynamical circulation or temperature from data. One of the best observational probes in…
Global deep-learning weather prediction models have recently been shown to produce forecasts that rival those from physics-based models run at operational centers. It is unclear whether these models have encoded atmospheric dynamics, or…
Context: The solar rotation profile is conical rather than cylindrical as one could expect from classical rotating fluid dynamics (e.g. Taylor-Proudman theorem). Thermal coupling to the tachocline, baroclinic effects and latitudinal…
T Bayr and D Dommenget [J. Climate 26 (2013) 1387] proposed a model of temperature-driven air redistribution to quantify the ratio between changes of sea level pressure $p_s$ and mean tropospheric temperature $T_a$ in the tropics. This…
The atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) plays a critical role in governing turbulent exchanges of momentum, heat moisture, and trace gases between the Earth's surface and the free atmosphere, thereby influencing meteorological phenomena, air…
With the ongoing characterisation of the atmospheres of exoplanets by the JWST, we are unveiling a large diversity of planetary atmospheres, both in terms of composition and dynamics. As such, it is necessary to build coherent atmospheric…
We apply non-extensive methods to the statistical analysis of fully developed turbulent flows. Probability density functions of velocity differences at distance r obtained by extremizing the Tsallis entropies coincide well with what is…
The ocean and the atmosphere, and hence the climate, are governed at large scale by interactions between pressure gradient, Coriolis and buoyancy forces. This leads to a quasi-geostrophic balance in which, in a two-dimensional-like fashion,…
We compare the available wind resources for conventional wind turbines and for airborne wind energy systems. Accessing higher altitudes and dynamically adjusting the harvesting operation to the wind resource substantially increases the…
Variations in zonal surface temperature gradients and zonally asymmetric tropical overturning circulations (Walker circulations) are examined over a wide range of climates simulated with an idealized atmospheric general circulation model…
As the Earth rotates, the Coriolis force causes several oceanic and atmospheric waves to be trapped along the equator, including Kelvin, Yanai, Rossby, and Poincar\'e modes. It has been demonstrated that the mathematical origin of these…
Certain geometric approximations such as the widely used traditional shallow-atmosphere, spherical-geoid (TSA-SG) and the deep-atmosphere, spherical-geoid (DA-SG) approximations boil down to the specification of a spatial metric tensor. In…
Elastic wave speeds are fundamental in geomechanics and have historically been described by an analytic formula that assumes linearly elastic solid medium. Empirical relations stemming from this assumption were used to determine nonlinearly…
Hamiltonian normal forms allow for the analytical approximation of center manifold trajectories and their invariant manifolds through the separation of the saddle and center subspaces that make up the dynamics at the collinear libration…
In this article, we model Earth's lower small-scale eddies motion in the atmosphere as a compressible neutral fluid flow on a rotating sphere. To justify the model, we carried out a numerical computation of the thermodynamic and…
As the amount of asteroseismic data available continues to grow, the inability to accurately model observed oscillation frequencies is becoming a critical problem for interpreting these frequencies. A major component of this problem is the…
Classical gravitation is treated from the point of view of non-equilibrium thermodynamics. Gravitational potential is a thermodynamic state variable in a weakly nonlocal treatment. Entropy production is calculated and the simplest solution…
A model for terrestrial planets, inclusive of viscous fluid behavior and featuring finite normal stress differences, is developed. This work offers new insights for the interpretation of planetary survey data. Evolution equations for…
Expensive ultrasonic anemometers are usually required to measure wind speed accurately. The aim of this work is to overcome the loss of accuracy of a low cost hot-wire anemometer caused by the changes of air temperature, by means of a…
A theory of the mean tilt of sunspot bipolar regions (the angle between a line connecting the leading and following sunspots and the solar equator) is developed. A mechanism of formation of the mean tilt is related to the effect of Coriolis…