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Cataloging the neuronal cell types that comprise circuitry of individual brain regions is a major goal of modern neuroscience and the BRAIN initiative. Single-cell RNA sequencing can now be used to measure the gene expression profiles of…
Background and Objectives: Multidrug Resistance (MDR) is a critical global health issue, causing increased hospital stays, healthcare costs, and mortality. This study proposes an interpretable Machine Learning (ML) framework for MDR…
Successful epilepsy surgery depends on localising and resecting cerebral abnormalities and networks that generate seizures. Abnormalities, however, may be widely distributed across multiple discontiguous areas. We propose spatially…
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) aim to detect genetic risk factors for complex human diseases by identifying disease-associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The traditional SNP-wise approach along with multiple testing…
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a severe neurological disease characterized by inflammatory lesions in the central nervous system. Hence, predicting inflammatory disease activity is crucial for disease assessment and treatment. However, MS…
The loss of neuronal cells in the central nervous system may happen in numerous neurodegenerative illnesses. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is an intricate, irreversible, dynamic neurodegenerative sickness. It is the main source of age-related…
In this work we propose an approach to select the classification method and features, based on the state-of-the-art, with best performance for diagnostic support through peripheral blood smear images of red blood cells. In our case we used…
Statistical learning (SL) includes methods that extract knowledge from complex data. SL methods beyond generalized linear models are being increasingly implemented in public health research and epidemiology because they can perform better…
Diabetes mellitus affects over 537 million adults worldwide and remains a major challenge in preventive healthcare. Existing machine-learning studies primarily formulate diabetes prediction as a binary classification problem, while…
There are a lot of hidden dangers in the change of human skin conditions, such as the sunburn caused by long-time exposure to ultraviolet radiation, which not only has aesthetic impact causing psychological depression and lack of…
Stain variability is a pervasive source of distribution shift and potential shortcut learning in renal pathology AI. We ask whether lupus nephritis glomerular lesion classifiers exploit stain as a shortcut, and how to mitigate such bias…
Despite recent success in applying large language models (LLMs) to electronic health records (EHR), most systems focus primarily on assessment rather than treatment planning. We identify three critical limitations in current approaches:…
Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a hereditary disorder of red blood cells in humans. Complications such as pain, stroke, and organ failure occur in SCD as malformed, sickled red blood cells passing through small blood vessels get trapped.…
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) is a lymphatic cancer involving one or more lymph nodes and extranodal sites. Its diagnostic and follow-up rely on Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Computed Tomography (CT). After diagnosis, the…
We aim to comprehensively identify typical life-spanning trajectories and critical events that impact patients' hospital utilization and mortality. We use a unique dataset containing 44 million records of almost all inpatient stays from…
Pain in sickle cell disease (SCD) is often associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and high healthcare costs. The standard method for predicting the absence, presence, and intensity of pain has long been self-report. However,…
The pathogenesis and progression of many tumors, including hematologic malignancies is highly dependent on enhanced lipogenesis. De novo fatty-acid synthesis permits accelerated proliferation of tumor cells by providing structural…
Deep learning has recently gained popularity in digital pathology due to its high prediction quality. However, the medical domain requires explanation and insight for a better understanding beyond standard quantitative performance…
Currently, there are two major theories for the pathogenesis of sepsis: hyperimmune and hypoimmune. Hyperimmune theory suggests that cytokine storm causes the symptoms of sepsis. On the contrary, hypoimmune theory suggests that…
Leprosy (Hansen's disease) is an infectious, neglected tropical disease caused by the Mycobacterium Leprae (M. Leprae). Each year there are approximately 2,02,189 new cases are detected globally. In the year 2017 more than half million…