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Our interest has been to study the effect that scattered radiation has on contrast, signal-to-noise ratio and thickness reconstruction in digital mammographies. Using the GEANT code we have performed Monte-Carlo simulations of 25 kVp Mo/Mo…

Medical Physics · Physics 2009-09-29 Varlen Grabski , Maria-Ester Brandan

Properties of massive galaxy clusters, such as mass abundance and concentration, are sensitive to cosmology, making cluster statistics a powerful tool for cosmological studies. However, favoring a more simplified, spherically symmetric…

We have developed a convolutional neural network (CNN) to reconstruct the shape of irregular rough particles from their interferometric images. The CNN is based on a UNET architecture with residual block modules. The database has been…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Alexis Abad , Alexandre Poux , Alexis Boulet , Marc Brunel

We study the prospects of characterising Dark Matter at colliders using Machine Learning (ML) techniques. We focus on the monojet and missing transverse energy (MET) channel and propose a set of benchmark models for the study: a typical…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-06-23 C. K. Khosa , V. Sanz , M. Soughton

Nanoscale L12-type ordered structures are widely used in face-centred cubic (FCC) alloys to exploit their hardening capacity and thereby improve mechanical properties. These fine-scale particles are typically fully coherent with matrix with…

The illumination of improperly exposed photographs has been widely corrected using deep convolutional neural networks or Transformers. Despite with promising performance, these methods usually suffer from large parameter amounts and heavy…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Yijie Zhou , Chao Li , Jin Liang , Tianyi Xu , Xin Liu , Jun Xu

We study three-dimensional microlensing where two lenses are located at different distances along the line of sight. We formulate the lens equation in complex notations and recover several previous results. There are in total either 4 or 6…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-17 Shude Mao , Hans J. Witt , Jin H. An

We consider the problem of positioning a cloud of points in the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^d$, using noisy measurements of a subset of pairwise distances. This task has applications in various areas, such as sensor network localization and…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2012-11-22 Adel Javanmard , Andrea Montanari

Although recent deep learning-based calibration methods can predict extrinsic and intrinsic camera parameters from a single image, their generalization remains limited by the number and distribution of training data samples. The huge…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Khadidja Ould Amer , Oussama Hadjerci , Mohamed Abbas Hedjazi , Antoine Letienne

Colloidal systems find important applications ranging from fabrication of photonic crystals to direct probing of phenomena typically encountered in atomic crystals and glasses. New applications - such as nanoantennas, plasmonic sensors, and…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-12-30 Rahul P. Trivedi , Ivan I. Klevets , Bohdan Senyuk , Taewoo Lee , Ivan I. Smalyukh

The generation of protein crystals is necessary for the study of protein molecular function and structure. This is done empirically by processing large numbers of crystallization trials and inspecting them regularly in search of those with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-05-15 Soheil Ghafurian , Peter Orth , Corey Strickland , Hua Su , Sangita Patel , Steven Soisson , Belma Dogdas

Learning 3D representations that generalize well to arbitrarily oriented inputs is a challenge of practical importance in applications varying from computer vision to physics and chemistry. We propose a novel multi-resolution convolutional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-22 James Fox , Bo Zhao , Sivasankaran Rajamanickam , Rampi Ramprasad , Le Song

We present a self-supervised approach for characterizing low surface brightness tidal features in wide-field imaging data by applying the nearest-neighbor contrastive learning of visual representations (NNCLR) algorithm to a curated subset…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-02-02 Ernesto Benitez-Walz , Jelle Mes , Juan Miró-Carretero , Koen Kuijken , Amina Helmi

Analysis-by-synthesis has been a successful approach for many tasks in computer vision, such as 6D pose estimation of an object in an RGB-D image which is the topic of this work. The idea is to compare the observation with the output of a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2015-08-20 Alexander Krull , Eric Brachmann , Frank Michel , Michael Ying Yang , Stefan Gumhold , Carsten Rother

The use of machine learning methods for accelerating the design of crystalline materials usually requires manually constructed feature vectors or complex transformation of atom coordinates to input the crystal structure, which either…

Materials Science · Physics 2018-04-10 Tian Xie , Jeffrey C. Grossman

Recovering the 3D shape of transparent objects using a small number of unconstrained natural images is an ill-posed problem. Complex light paths induced by refraction and reflection have prevented both traditional and deep multiview stereo…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-07-24 Zhengqin Li , Yu-Ying Yeh , Manmohan Chandraker

Convolutional dictionary learning (CDL) estimates shift invariant basis adapted to multidimensional data. CDL has proven useful for image denoising or inpainting, as well as for pattern discovery on multivariate signals. As estimated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-01-29 Thomas Moreau , Alexandre Gramfort

Electron cryo-tomography (cryo-ET) enables 3D imaging of complex, radiation-sensitive structures with molecular detail. However, image contrast from the interference of scattered electrons is nonlinear with atomic density and multiple…

Understanding lattice deformations is crucial in determining the properties of nanomaterials, which can become more prominent in future applications ranging from energy harvesting to electronic devices. However, it remains challenging to…

Knowledge of the mass composition of ultra-high-energy cosmic rays is crucial to understanding their origins; however, current approaches have limited event-by-event resolution. With fluorescence telescope measurements of the longitudinal…

High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena · Physics 2026-04-10 Zhuoyi Wang , Eric Mayotte , Sonja Mayotte , Nathan Woo , Julia Burton-Heibges , Nicolas San Martin , Cailyn Smith