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Related papers: Should the Ransomware be Paid?

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Malware attacks are costly. To mitigate against such attacks, organizations deploy malware detection tools that help them detect and eventually resolve those threats. While running only the best available tool does not provide enough…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-01-10 Revan MacQueen , Natalie Bombardieri , James R. Wright , Karim Ali

The threat from ransomware continues to grow both in the number of affected victims as well as the cost incurred by the people and organisations impacted in a successful attack. In the majority of cases, once a victim has been attacked…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-29 Simon R Davies , Richard Macfarlane , William J Buchanan

Choosing a hard-to-guess secret is a prerequisite in many security applications. Whether it is a password for user authentication or a secret key for a cryptographic primitive, picking it requires the user to trade-off usability costs with…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-05-12 MHR Khouzani , Piotr Mardziel , Carlos Cid , Mudhakar Srivatsa

Nowadays security is major concern for any user connected to the internet. Various types of attacks are to be performed by intruders to obtaining user information as manin-middle attack, denial of service, malware attacks etc. Malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-22 Jaspreet Kaur

When undertaking cyber security risk assessments, we must assign numeric values to metrics to compute the final expected loss that represents the risk that an organization is exposed to due to cyber threats. Even if risk assessment is…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2017-12-19 Andrew Fielder , Sandra Konig , Emmanouil Panaousis , Stefan Schauer , Stefan Rass

The increasing sophistication of encryption-based ransomware has demanded innovative approaches to detection and mitigation, prompting the development of a hierarchical framework grounded in probabilistic cryptographic analysis. By focusing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-11 Kevin Pekepok , Persephone Kirkwood , Esme Christopolous , Florence Braithwaite , Oliver Nightingale

The well-worn George Box aphorism ``all models are wrong, but some are useful'' is particularly salient in the cybersecurity domain, where the assumptions built into a model can have substantial financial or even national security impacts.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Erick Galinkin , Emmanouil Pountourakis , Spiros Mancoridis

Proliferation of cryptocurrencies (e.g., Bitcoin) that allow pseudo-anonymous transactions, has made it easier for ransomware developers to demand ransom by encrypting sensitive user data. The recently revealed strikes of ransomware attacks…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Cuneyt Gurcan Akcora , Yitao Li , Yulia R. Gel , Murat Kantarcioglu

We develop a general game-theoretic framework for reasoning about strategic agents performing possibly costly computation. In this framework, many traditional game-theoretic results (such as the existence of a Nash equilibrium) no longer…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2014-12-10 Joseph Y. Halpern , Rafael Pass

Malicious attacks, malware, and ransomware families pose critical security issues to cybersecurity, and it may cause catastrophic damages to computer systems, data centers, web, and mobile applications across various industries and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-07-05 Mohammad Masum , Md Jobair Hossain Faruk , Hossain Shahriar , Kai Qian , Dan Lo , Muhaiminul Islam Adnan

We develop a general game-theoretic framework for reasoning about strategic agents performing possibly costly computation. In this framework, many traditional game-theoretic results (such as the existence of a Nash equilibrium) no longer…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2008-09-02 Joseph Y. Halpern , Rafael Pass

Ransomware impact different organizations for years, it causes huge monetary, reputation loss and operation impact. Other than typical data encryption by ransomware, attackers can request ransom from the victim organizations via data…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Anthony Cheuk Tung Lai , Ping Fan Ke , Alan Ho

We address the question of whether price of stability results (existence of equilibria with low social cost) are robust to incomplete information. We show that this is the case in potential games, if the underlying algorithmic social cost…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2015-03-13 Vasilis Syrgkanis

In the banking industry, ransomware is a well-known threat, but since the beginning of 2022, cryptojacking, an emerging threat is posing a considerable challenge to the banking industry. Ransomware has variants, and the attackers keep…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-11-28 Naresh Kshetri , Mir Mehedi Rahman , Sayed Abu Sayeed , Irin Sultana

The current pandemic situation has increased cyber-attacks drastically worldwide. The attackers are using malware like trojans, spyware, rootkits, worms, ransomware heavily. Ransomware is the most notorious malware, yet we did not have any…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2022-06-07 Nanda Rani , Sunita Vikrant Dhavale

We introduce the Funding Game, in which $m$ identical resources are to be allocated among $n$ selfish agents. Each agent requests a number of resources $x_i$ and reports a valuation $\tilde{v}_i(x_i)$, which verifiably {\em lower}-bounds…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2012-11-16 Amotz Bar-Noy , Yi Gai , Matthew P. Johnson , Bhaskar Krishnamachari , George Rabanca

Ransomware, a type of malicious software that encrypts a victim's files and only releases the cryptographic key once a ransom is paid, has emerged as a potentially devastating class of cybercrimes in the past few years. In this paper, we…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-03-06 Florian Quinkert , Thorsten Holz , KSM Tozammel Hossain , Emilio Ferrara , Kristina Lerman

Two-player zero-sum repeated games are well understood. Computing the value of such a game is straightforward. Additionally, if the payoffs are dependent on a random state of the game known to one, both, or neither of the players, the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2009-11-05 Paul Cuff

Ransomware has been predominantly a threat to Windows systems. But, Linux systems became interesting for cybercriminals and this trend is expected to continue. This endangers IoT ecosystems, whereas many IoT systems are based on Linux (e.g.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Salko Korac , Leandros Maglaras , Naghmeh Moradpoor , Bill Buchanan , Berk Canberk

Ransomware is a growing threat that typically operates by either encrypting a victim's files or locking a victim's computer until the victim pays a ransom. However, it is still challenging to detect such malware timely with existing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-02-01 Muhammad Ejaz Ahmed , Hyoungshick Kim , Seyit Camtepe , Surya Nepal