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Related papers: Text-based RL Agents with Commonsense Knowledge: N…

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Recently, empowered with the powerful capabilities of neural networks, reinforcement learning (RL) has successfully tackled numerous challenging tasks. However, while these models demonstrate enhanced decision-making abilities, they are…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-09 Zhengpeng Xie , Yulong Zhang

Vision-language models are increasingly employed as multimodal conversational agents (MCAs) for diverse conversational tasks. Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has been widely explored for adapting MCAs to various human-AI interaction…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Yongqi Li , Hao Lang , Tieyun Qian , Yongbin Li

One major challenge in reinforcement learning (RL) is the large amount of steps for the RL agent needs to converge in the training process and learn the optimal policy, especially in text-based game environments where the action space is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-08-01 Wei Zhou , Xiangyu Peng , Mark Riedl

Visual Commonsense Reasoning, which is regarded as one challenging task to pursue advanced visual scene comprehension, has been used to diagnose the reasoning ability of AI systems. However, reliable reasoning requires a good grasp of the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Fan Yuan , Xiaoyuan Fang , Rong Quan , Jing Li , Wei Bi , Xiaogang Xu , Piji Li

Pre-trained language models (PTLMs) have achieved impressive performance on commonsense inference benchmarks, but their ability to employ commonsense to make robust inferences, which is crucial for effective communications with humans, is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Pei Zhou , Rahul Khanna , Seyeon Lee , Bill Yuchen Lin , Daniel Ho , Jay Pujara , Xiang Ren

Commonsense reasoning (CR) has been studied in many pieces of domain and has achieved great progress with the aid of large datasets. Unfortunately, most existing CR datasets are built in English, so most previous work focus on English.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Jie He , Yu Fu

Real-world sequential decision making is characterized by sparse rewards and large decision spaces, posing significant difficulty for experiential learning systems like $\textit{tabula rasa}$ reinforcement learning (RL) agents. Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-06 Hitesh Golchha , Sahil Yerawar , Dhruvesh Patel , Soham Dan , Keerthiram Murugesan

With the rapid advancement of post-training techniques for reasoning and information seeking, large language models (LLMs) can incorporate a large quantity of retrieved knowledge to solve complex tasks. However, the limited context window…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Zijun Liu , Zhennan Wan , Peng Li , Ming Yan , Fei Huang , Yang Liu

Evaluating AI agents within complex, interactive environments that mirror real-world challenges is critical for understanding their practical capabilities. While existing agent benchmarks effectively assess skills like tool use or…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-15 Long Phan , Mantas Mazeika , Andy Zou , Dan Hendrycks

We show that Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods for solving Text-Based Games (TBGs) often fail to generalize on unseen games, especially in small data regimes. To address this issue, we propose Context Relevant Episodic State Truncation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-09-28 Subhajit Chaudhury , Daiki Kimura , Kartik Talamadupula , Michiaki Tatsubori , Asim Munawar , Ryuki Tachibana

While Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in certain reasoning tasks, they struggle in multi-agent games where the final outcome depends on the joint strategies of all agents. In multi-agent games, the non-stationarity of other agents brings…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Yidong He , Yutao Lai , Pengxu Yang , Jiarui Gan , Jiexin Wang , Yi Cai , Mengchen Zhao

Reinforcement Learning (RL) enables an intelligent agent to optimise its performance in a task by continuously taking action from an observed state and receiving a feedback from the environment in form of rewards. RL typically uses tables…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Alberto Castagna

A fundamental ability of humans is to utilize commonsense knowledge in language understanding and question answering. In recent years, many knowledge-enhanced Commonsense Question Answering (CQA) approaches have been proposed. However, it…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Ning Bian , Xianpei Han , Bo Chen , Le Sun

Reinforcement Learning (RL) agents have great successes in solving tasks with large observation and action spaces from limited feedback. Still, training the agents is data-intensive and there are no guarantees that the learned behavior is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Helge Spieker

In this paper, we consider the task of learning control policies for text-based games. In these games, all interactions in the virtual world are through text and the underlying state is not observed. The resulting language barrier makes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-09-15 Karthik Narasimhan , Tejas Kulkarni , Regina Barzilay

Successful completion of reasoning task requires the agent to have relevant prior knowledge or some given context of the world dynamics. Usually, the information provided to the system for a reasoning task is just the query or some…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2019-11-18 Vatsal Mahajan

TextArena is an open-source collection of competitive text-based games for training and evaluation of agentic behavior in Large Language Models (LLMs). It spans 57+ unique environments (including single-player, two-player, and multi-player…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Leon Guertler , Bobby Cheng , Simon Yu , Bo Liu , Leshem Choshen , Cheston Tan

Counterfactual inference is a powerful tool for analysing and evaluating autonomous agents, but its application to language model (LM) agents remains challenging. Existing work on counterfactuals in LMs has primarily focused on token-level…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Edoardo Pona , Milad Kazemi , Yali Du , David Watson , Nicola Paoletti

Reinforcement Learning (RL) has traditionally focused on training specialized agents to optimize predefined reward functions within narrowly defined environments. However, the advent of powerful Large Language Models (LLMs) and increasingly…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Fangming Cui , Ruixiao Zhu , Cheng Fang , Sunan Li , Jiahong Li

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) excel in many direct multimodal tasks but struggle to translate this prowess into effective decision-making within interactive, visually rich environments like games. This ``knowing-doing'' gap significantly…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Liang Chen , Hongcheng Gao , Tianyu Liu , Zhiqi Huang , Flood Sung , Xinyu Zhou , Yuxin Wu , Baobao Chang
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