Related papers: Hierarchical brain parcellation with uncertainty

A prominent goal of neuroimaging studies is mapping the human brain, in order to identify and delineate functionally-meaningful regions and elucidate their roles in cognitive behaviors. These brain regions are typically represented by…

The performance of learning-based algorithms improves with the amount of labelled data used for training. Yet, manually annotating data is particularly difficult for medical image segmentation tasks because of the limited expert…

To advance the development of science and technology, research proposals are submitted to open-court competitive programs developed by government agencies (e.g., NSF). Proposal classification is one of the most important tasks to achieve…

About 5-8% of individuals over the age of 60 have dementia. With our ever-aging population this number is likely to increase, making dementia one of the most important threats to public health in the 21st century. Given the phenotypic…

We consider the problem of unsupervised skill segmentation and hierarchical structure discovery in reinforcement learning. While recent approaches have sought to segment trajectories into reusable skills or options, most rely on action…

The complexities inherent to leukemia, multifaceted cancer affecting white blood cells, pose considerable diagnostic and treatment challenges, primarily due to reliance on laborious morphological analyses and expert judgment that are…

Based on decision trees, many fields have arguably made tremendous progress in recent years. In simple words, decision trees use the strategy of "divide-and-conquer" to divide the complex problem on the dependency between input features and…

When collaborating with an AI system, we need to assess when to trust its recommendations. If we mistakenly trust it in regions where it is likely to err, catastrophic failures may occur, hence the need for Bayesian approaches for…

Parcellation of human cerebellar pathways is essential for advancing our understanding of the human brain. Existing diffusion MRI tractography parcellation methods have been successful in defining major cerebellar fibre tracts, while…

Deep learning motivated by convolutional neural networks has been highly successful in a range of medical imaging problems like image classification, image segmentation, image synthesis etc. However for validation and interpretability, not…

Mining human-brain networks to discover patterns that can be used to discriminate between healthy individuals and patients affected by some neurological disorder, is a fundamental task in neuroscience. Learning simple and interpretable…

Although multi-label learning can deal with many problems with label ambiguity, it does not fit some real applications well where the overall distribution of the importance of the labels matters. This paper proposes a novel learning…

Semi-supervised learning (SSL) is a common approach to learning predictive models using not only labeled examples, but also unlabeled examples. While SSL for the simple tasks of classification and regression has received a lot of attention…

Neurosymbolic artificial intelligence is a growing field of research aiming to combine neural network learning capabilities with the reasoning abilities of symbolic systems. Informed multi-label classification is a sub-field of…

Reliable uncertainty quantification is crucial for trustworthy decision-making and the deployment of AI models in medical imaging. While prior work has explored the ability of neural networks to quantify predictive, epistemic, and aleatoric…

Hierarchies are frequently used for the organization of objects. Given a hierarchy of classes, two main approaches are used, to automatically classify new instances: flat classification and cascade classification. Flat classification…

We propose an evaluation framework for class probability estimates (CPEs) in the presence of label uncertainty, which is commonly observed as diagnosis disagreement between experts in the medical domain. We also formalize evaluation metrics…

Handling uncertainty is critical for ensuring reliable decision-making in intelligent systems. Modern neural networks are known to be poorly calibrated, resulting in predicted confidence scores that are difficult to use. This article…

Human Activity Recognition (HAR) has been studied for decades, from data collection, learning models, to post-processing and result interpretations. However, the inherent hierarchy in the activities remains relatively under-explored,…

With the popularity of deep neural networks (DNNs), model interpretability is becoming a critical concern. Many approaches have been developed to tackle the problem through post-hoc analysis, such as explaining how predictions are made or…