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Some recent developments in exact results in relativistic hydrodynamics is reviewed. We discuss phenomenological applications in high-energy collisions and theoretical features of the solutions. We compare the method of numerical modelling…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2010-02-11 M. I. Nagy

The study of high energy collisions between heavy nuclei is a field unto itself, distinct from nuclear and particle physics. A defining aspect of heavy ion physics is the importance of a bulk, self-interacting system with a rich space-time…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-08-24 Mike Lisa

The nuclear equation of state (EOS) is at the center of numerous theoretical and experimental efforts in nuclear physics. With advances in microscopic theories for nuclear interactions, the availability of experiments probing nuclear matter…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2024-01-29 Agnieszka Sorensen , Kshitij Agarwal , Kyle W. Brown , Zbigniew Chajęcki , Paweł Danielewicz , Christian Drischler , Stefano Gandolfi , Jeremy W. Holt , Matthias Kaminski , Che-Ming Ko , Rohit Kumar , Bao-An Li , William G. Lynch , Alan B. McIntosh , William G. Newton , Scott Pratt , Oleh Savchuk , Maria Stefaniak , Ingo Tews , ManYee Betty Tsang , Ramona Vogt , Hermann Wolter , Hanna Zbroszczyk , Navid Abbasi , Jörg Aichelin , Anton Andronic , Steffen A. Bass , Francesco Becattini , David Blaschke , Marcus Bleicher , Christoph Blume , Elena Bratkovskaya , B. Alex Brown , David A. Brown , Alberto Camaiani , Giovanni Casini , Katerina Chatziioannou , Abdelouahad Chbihi , Maria Colonna , Mircea Dan Cozma , Veronica Dexheimer , Xin Dong , Travis Dore , Lipei Du , José A. Dueñas , Hannah Elfner , Wojciech Florkowski , Yuki Fujimoto , Richard J. Furnstahl , Alexandra Gade , Tetyana Galatyuk , Charles Gale , Frank Geurts , Fabiana Gramegna , Sašo Grozdanov , Kris Hagel , Steven P. Harris , Wick Haxton , Ulrich Heinz , Michal P. Heller , Or Hen , Heiko Hergert , Norbert Herrmann , Huan Zhong Huang , Xu-Guang Huang , Natsumi Ikeno , Gabriele Inghirami , Jakub Jankowski , Jiangyong Jia , José C. Jiménez , Joseph Kapusta , Behruz Kardan , Iurii Karpenko , Declan Keane , Dmitri Kharzeev , Andrej Kugler , Arnaud Le Fèvre , Dean Lee , Hong Liu , Michael A. Lisa , William J. Llope , Ivano Lombardo , Manuel Lorenz , Tommaso Marchi , Larry McLerran , Ulrich Mosel , Anton Motornenko , Berndt Müller , Paolo Napolitani , Joseph B. Natowitz , Witold Nazarewicz , Jorge Noronha , Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler , Grażyna Odyniec , Panagiota Papakonstantinou , Zuzana Paulínyová , Jorge Piekarewicz , Robert D. Pisarski , Christopher Plumberg , Madappa Prakash , Jørgen Randrup , Claudia Ratti , Peter Rau , Sanjay Reddy , Hans-Rudolf Schmidt , Paolo Russotto , Radoslaw Ryblewski , Andreas Schäfer , Björn Schenke , Srimoyee Sen , Peter Senger , Richard Seto , Chun Shen , Bradley Sherrill , Mayank Singh , Vladimir Skokov , Michał Spaliński , Jan Steinheimer , Mikhail Stephanov , Joachim Stroth , Christian Sturm , Kai-Jia Sun , Aihong Tang , Giorgio Torrieri , Wolfgang Trautmann , Giuseppe Verde , Volodymyr Vovchenko , Ryoichi Wada , Fuqiang Wang , Gang Wang , Klaus Werner , Nu Xu , Zhangbu Xu , Ho-Ung Yee , Sherry Yennello , Yi Yin

A proper description of the non-equilibrium matter preceding the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in heavy-ion collisions and its observable consequences remain a major theoretical challenge, while at the same time offering new opportunities for…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-10-07 Kirill Boguslavski

Recent theory progresses in (3+1)D dynamical descriptions of relativistic nuclear collisions at finite baryon density are reviewed. Heavy-ion collisions at different collision energies produce strongly coupled nuclear matter to probe the…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2022-02-16 Chun Shen

The relationship between RHIC and HERA data is explored using the idea of saturation (color glass condensate) as a unifying framework for interpretation. A description of the early stages of a heavy ion collision is given with the RHIC…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2011-01-25 Alfred H. Mueller

We recently proposed a new approach to high energy nuclear scattering, which treats the initial stage of heavy ion collisions in a sophisticated way. We are able to calculate macroscopic quantities like energy density and velocity flow at…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2009-10-31 H. J. Drescher , F. M. Liu , S. Ostapchenko , T. Pierog , K. Werner

This document summarises proposed searches for new physics accessible in the heavy-ion mode at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC), both through hadronic and ultraperipheral $\gamma\gamma$ interactions, and that have a competitive or,…

One of the fundamental questions in the field of subatomic physics is what happens to matter at extreme densities and temperatures as may have existed in the first microseconds after the Big Bang and exists, perhaps, in the core of dense…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2011-06-16 Raimond Snellings

Isobaric collisions provide a unique opportunity to investigate how variations in the charge to mass ratio affect the final state observables produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Most importantly, isobaric systems that differ in…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-12-04 Amit Paul , Rupa Chatterjee

Completely unexplored regimes of QCD, dominated by high-density/temperature effects, are available in heavy ion experiments at collider energies. The successful RHIC program shows how relevant the high transverse momentum part of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2008-11-26 Carlos A. Salgado

Deciphering the origin of collective phenomena in small colliding systems is one of contemporary focuses in heavy-ion physics. It entails penetrating the barrier between two previously separated research topics:…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-09-11 Bin Wu

We highlight the STAR experiment's recent measurements on electromagnetic and hard probes of nuclear collisions, which inform the field's understanding of these physical phenomena and by extension QCD. Results on vector meson production…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2025-07-28 Isaac Mooney

Collisions between nuclei at ultrarelativistic energies produce a color-deconfined plasma that expands explosively and rapidly reverts to the color-confined (hadronic) state. In non-central collisions, the zone of hot matter is transversely…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2011-06-10 M. A. Lisa , E. Frodermann , G. Graef , M. Mitrovski , E. Mount , H. Petersen , M. Bleicher

Recent work has provided the means to rigorously determine properties of super-hadronic matter from experimental data through the application of broad scale modeling of high-energy nuclear collisions within a Bayesian framework. These…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2016-03-23 Evan Sangaline , Scott Pratt

We discuss recent theoretical developments in low-energy heavy-ion reactions. To this end, we put emphasis on a viewpoint of probing nuclear shapes with heavy-ion reactions. We first discuss a single-channel problem with an optical…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2025-11-14 K. Hagino

Heavy ion collisions are rich and complex systems that involve different aspects of QCD and electromagnetic phenomena. From head-on collisions to the case in which the nuclei miss each other, many of QCD and photo-induced probes are being…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2023-06-27 Luis F. Alcerro

High energy heavy ion collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) produce a novel medium characterized by an initial energy density over an order of magnitude above the expected phase transformation value and that then evolves…

Nuclear Experiment · Physics 2007-05-23 J. L. Nagle

In the present work we propose a new initial state model for hydrodynamic simulation of relativistic heavy ion collisions based on Bjorken-like solution applied streak by streak in the transverse plane. Previous fluid dynamical calculations…

Nuclear Theory · Physics 2018-06-13 V. K. Magas , J. Gordillo , D. Strottman , Y. L. Xie , L. P. Csernai