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Emerging applications of photonics in computing, sensing, and security increasingly demand complex input-output behaviors, including highly nonlinear transformations of optical signals. Traditional photonic systems rely on highly structured…
The contrast mechanism for ferroelectric domain imaging via piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) is investigated. A novel analysis of PFM measurements is presented which takes into account the background caused by the experimental setup.…
The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a versatile, high-resolution tool used to characterize the topography and material properties of a large variety of specimens at nano-scale. The interaction of the micro-cantilever tip with the specimen…
The Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) is a mature photodetector concept that is applied in a variety of applications ranging from medical imaging to automotive LiDAR systems. Over the last few years, improvements of the sensor performance are…
We perform simulations and experiments on an oscillating atomic force microscope cantilever approaching a surface, where the intermodulation response of the cantilever driven with two pure harmonic tones is investigated. In the simulations,…
We use a string of confined $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ions to measure perturbations to a trapping potential which are caused by light-induced charging of an anti-reflection coated window and of insulating patches on the ion-trap electrodes. The…
We present an alternative approach to pump-probe spectroscopy for measuring fast charge dynamics with an atomic force microscope (AFM). Our approach is based on coherent multifrequency lock-in measurement of the intermodulation between a…
In this article, we present a deflection measurement setup for Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). It is based on a quadrature phase differential interferometer: we measure the optical path difference between a laser beam reflecting above the…
A simple implementation of Kelvin probe force microscopy is reported that enables recording topographic images in the absence of any component of the electrostatic force. Our approach is based on a close loop z-spectroscopy operated in data…
With the development of condensed-matter physics and nanotechnology, attention has turned to the fields near and on surfaces that result from interactions between electric dipole radiation and mesoscale structures. It is hoped that studying…
Optical vortex and vector field are two important types of structured optical fields. Due to their wide applications and unique features in many scientific realms, the generation, manipulation and measurement of such fields have attracted…
In the field of optics, precise control of light with arbitrary spatial resolution has long been a sought-after goal. Freeform nanophotonic devices are critical building blocks for achieving this goal, as they provide access to a design…
Space missions designed for high precision photometric monitoring of stars often under-sample the point-spread function, with much of the light landing within a single pixel. Missions like MOST, Kepler, BRITE, and TESS, do this to avoid…
Single-molecule detection enables direct observation of individual biomolecular events, providing mechanistic insights into biological processes and offering a powerful tool for disease diagnostics. However, the fundamental scale mismatch…
Optical field localization at plasmonic tip-sample nanojunctions has enabled high spatial resolution chemical analysis through tip-enhanced linear optical spectroscopies, including Raman scattering and photoluminescence. Here, we illustrate…
Conventional photoemission orbital tomography based on Fourier iterative method enables us to extract a projected two-dimensional (2D) molecular orbital from a 2D photoelectron momentum map (PMM) of planar $\pi$-conjugated molecules in a…
Stepped well-ordered semiconductor surfaces are important as nanotemplates for the fabrication of one-dimensional nanostructures which are candidates of intriguing electronic properties. Therefore a detailed understanding of the underlying…
Fourier Ptychographic Microscopy (FPM) is a computational technique that achieves a large space-bandwidth product imaging. It addresses the challenge of balancing a large field of view and high resolution by fusing information from multiple…
In conventional optical Stark-shift spectroscopy, molecules are exposed to spatially homogeneous static electric fields that shift the energies of their spectral lines. These shifts are attributed to the molecular electronic properties,…
Microwave photonics (MWP), harnessing the tremendous bandwidth of light to generate, process and measure wideband microwave signals, are poised to spark a new revolution for the information and communication fields. Within the past decade,…