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Bayesian Networks (BN) provide robust probabilistic methods of reasoning under uncertainty, but despite their formal grounds are strictly based on the notion of conditional dependence, not much attention has been paid so far to their use in…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Luigi Portinale , Andrea Bobbio

In this paper a conditional logic is defined and studied. This conditional logic, Deterministic Bayesian Logic, is constructed as a deterministic counterpart to the (probabilistic) Bayesian conditional. The logic is unrestricted, so that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2011-11-09 Frederic Dambreville

This paper introduces modal independence logic MIL, a modal logic that can explicitly talk about independence among propositional variables. Formulas of MIL are not evaluated in worlds but in sets of worlds, so called teams. In this vein,…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2014-04-02 Juha Kontinen , Julian-Steffen Müller , Henning Schnoor , Heribert Vollmer

The causal Markov condition (CMC) is a postulate that links observations to causality. It describes the conditional independences among the observations that are entailed by a causal hypothesis in terms of a directed acyclic graph. In the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2010-02-23 Bastian Steudel , Dominik Janzing , Bernhard Schoelkopf

We propose a method for learning Markov network structures for continuous data without invoking any assumptions about the distribution of the variables. The method makes use of previous work on a non-parametric estimator for mutual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-08-09 Janne Leppä-aho , Santeri Räisänen , Xiao Yang , Teemu Roos

In this paper a conditional logic is defined and studied. This conditional logic, DmBL, is constructed as a deterministic counterpart to the Bayesian conditional. The logic is unrestricted, so that any logical operations are allowed. A…

Logic · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Frederic Dambreville

Inferring the causal structure underlying stochastic dynamical systems from observational data holds great promise in domains ranging from science and health to finance. Such processes can often be accurately modeled via stochastic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Georg Manten , Cecilia Casolo , Emilio Ferrucci , Søren Wengel Mogensen , Cristopher Salvi , Niki Kilbertus

Bayesian methods for graphical log-linear marginal models have not been developed in the same extent as traditional frequentist approaches. In this work, we introduce a novel Bayesian approach for quantitative learning for such models.…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-07-04 Ioannis Ntzoufras , Claudia Tarantola , Monia Lupparelli

The independence clustering problem is considered in the following formulation: given a set $S$ of random variables, it is required to find the finest partitioning $\{U_1,\dots,U_k\}$ of $S$ into clusters such that the clusters…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Daniil Ryabko

We describe a mathematical language for determining all possible patterns of contextuality in the dependence of stochastic outputs of a system on its deterministic inputs. The central notion is that of all possible couplings for…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2015-01-27 Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov , Janne V. Kujala

Kernel-based conditional independence (KCI) testing is a powerful nonparametric method commonly employed in causal discovery tasks. Despite its flexibility and statistical reliability, cubic computational complexity limits its application…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Oliver Schacht , Biwei Huang

We give a conceptual treatment of the notion of joints, marginals, and independence in the setting of categorical probability. This is achieved by endowing the usual probability monads (like the Giry monad) with a monoidal and an opmonoidal…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-02-03 Tobias Fritz , Paolo Perrone

We study hidden-variable models from quantum mechanics, and their abstractions in purely probabilistic and relational frameworks, by means of logics of dependence and independence, based on team semantics. We show that common desirable…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2022-01-28 Rafael Albert , Erich Grädel

Constraint based causal structure learning for point processes require empirical tests of local independence. Existing tests require strong model assumptions, e.g. that the true data generating model is a Hawkes process with no latent…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-10-26 Nikolaj Thams , Niels Richard Hansen

Motivated by extreme value theory, max-linear Bayesian networks have been recently introduced and studied as an alternative to linear structural equation models. However, for max-linear systems the classical independence results for…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2022-03-01 Carlos Améndola , Claudia Klüppelberg , Steffen Lauritzen , Ngoc Tran

Probabilistic separation logic offers an approach to reasoning about imperative probabilistic programs in which a separating conjunction is used as a mechanism for expressing independence properties. Crucial to the effectiveness of the…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Janez Ignacij Jereb , Alex Simpson

It is well-known that the notion of (strong) conditional independence (CI) is too restrictive to capture independencies that only hold in certain contexts. This kind of contextual independency, called context-strong independence (CSI), can…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2013-01-30 Michael S. K. M. Wong , C. J. Butz

We propose a semantic foundation for logics for reasoning in settings that possess a distinction between equality of variables, a coarser equivalence of variables, and a notion of conditional independence between variables. We show that…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Alex Simpson

Determining conditional independence (CI) relationships between random variables is a fundamental yet challenging task in machine learning and statistics, especially in high-dimensional settings. Existing generative model-based CI testing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Yixin Ren , Chenghou Jin , Yewei Xia , Li Ke , Longtao Huang , Hui Xue , Hao Zhang , Jihong Guan , Shuigeng Zhou

In decision support systems the motivation and justification of the system's diagnosis or classification is crucial for the acceptance of the system by the human user. In Bayesian networks a diagnosis or classification is typically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-08-08 Johan Kwisthout