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Many Natural Language Generation (NLG) tasks aim to generate a single output text given an input prompt. Other settings require the generation of multiple texts, e.g., for Synthetic Traffic Generation (STG). This generation task is crucial…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Simone Filice , Jason Ingyu Choi , Giuseppe Castellucci , Eugene Agichtein , Oleg Rokhlenko

Our research extends the Bilingual Evaluation Understudy (BLEU) evaluation technique for statistical machine translation to make it more adjustable and robust. We intend to adapt it to resemble human evaluation more. We perform experiments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2015-10-01 Krzysztof Wołk , Krzysztof Marasek

Automated question generation is an important approach to enable personalisation of English comprehension assessment. Recently, transformer-based pretrained language models have demonstrated the ability to produce appropriate questions from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-09-27 Vatsal Raina , Mark Gales

Automatic question generation is a critical task that involves evaluating question quality by considering factors such as engagement, pedagogical value, and the ability to stimulate critical thinking. These aspects require human-like…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Aniket Deroy , Subhankar Maity , Sudeshna Sarkar

The use of language models for generating lyrics and poetry has received an increased interest in the last few years. They pose a unique challenge relative to standard natural language problems, as their ultimate purpose is reative, notions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-11-13 Pablo Samuel Castro , Maria Attarian

High-quality distractors are crucial to both the assessment and pedagogical value of multiple-choice questions (MCQs), where manually crafting ones that anticipate knowledge deficiencies or misconceptions among real students is difficult.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Nigel Fernandez , Alexander Scarlatos , Wanyong Feng , Simon Woodhead , Andrew Lan

Feedback in creativity support tools can help crowdworkers to improve their ideations. However, current feedback methods require human assessment from facilitators or peers. This is not scalable to large crowds. We propose Interpretable…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-03-29 Yunlong Wang , Priyadarshini Venkatesh , Brian Y. Lim

Code review is a standard practice for ensuring the quality of software projects, and recent research has focused extensively on automated code review. While significant advancements have been made in generating code reviews, the automated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Yanjie Jiang , Hui Liu , Tianyi Chen , Fu Fan , Chunhao Dong , Kui Liu , Lu Zhang

Flow-based text-to-image models follow deterministic trajectories, making it costly to explore diverse modes under limited sampling budgets. Existing approaches to improving diversity often rely on retraining or degrade image fidelity. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Jingxuan Wu , Zhenglin Wan , Xingrui Yu , Yuzhe Yang , Bo An , Ivor Tsang , Yang You

Question Generation is the task of automatically creating questions from textual input. In this work we present a new Attentional Encoder--Decoder Recurrent Neural Network model for automatic question generation. Our model incorporates…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-10-09 Vrindavan Harrison , Marilyn Walker

Multiple choice benchmarks have long been the workhorse of language model evaluation because grading multiple choice is objective and easy to automate. However, we show multiple choice questions from popular benchmarks can often be answered…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Nikhil Chandak , Shashwat Goel , Ameya Prabhu , Moritz Hardt , Jonas Geiping

Question generation (QG) is the task of generating a valid and fluent question based on a given context and the target answer. According to various purposes, even given the same context, instructors can ask questions about different…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-29 Shinhyeok Oh , Hyojun Go , Hyeongdon Moon , Yunsung Lee , Myeongho Jeong , Hyun Seung Lee , Seungtaek Choi

How to generate descriptions from structured data organized in tables? Existing approaches using neural encoder-decoder models often suffer from lacking diversity. We claim that an open set of templates is crucial for enriching the phrase…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-02-14 Rong Ye , Wenxian Shi , Hao Zhou , Zhongyu Wei , Lei Li

Reference-free evaluation has the potential to make machine translation evaluation substantially more scalable, allowing us to pivot easily to new languages or domains. It has been recently shown that the probabilities given by a large,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-13 Sweta Agrawal , George Foster , Markus Freitag , Colin Cherry

Language models (LMs) have exhibited impressive abilities in generating code from natural language requirements. In this work, we highlight the diversity of code generated by LMs as a critical criterion for evaluating their code generation…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Seonghyeon Lee , Heejae Chon , Joonwon Jang , Dongha Lee , Hwanjo Yu

This study proposes a method to diversify queries in existing test collections to reflect some of the diversity of search engine users, aligning with an earlier vision of an 'ideal' test collection. A Large Language Model (LLM) is used to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-26 Marwah Alaofi , Nicola Ferro , Paul Thomas , Falk Scholer , Mark Sanderson

We propose a framework for the statistical evaluation of variational auto-encoders (VAEs) and test two instances of this framework in the context of modelling images of handwritten digits and a corpus of English text. Our take on evaluation…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-04-08 Claartje Barkhof , Wilker Aziz

Despite advances in open-domain dialogue systems, automatic evaluation of such systems is still a challenging problem. Traditional reference-based metrics such as BLEU are ineffective because there could be many valid responses for a given…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Sarik Ghazarian , Johnny Tian-Zheng Wei , Aram Galstyan , Nanyun Peng

An ongoing debate in the NLG community concerns the best way to evaluate systems, with human evaluation often being considered the most reliable method, compared to corpus-based metrics. However, tasks involving subtle textual differences,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-06 Lorenzo De Mattei , Michele Cafagna , Huiyuan Lai , Felice Dell'Orletta , Malvina Nissim , Albert Gatt

Since no metrics are available to evaluate specific aspects of a text, such as its personalization quality, the researchers often rely solely on large language models to meta-evaluate such texts. Due to internal biases of individual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Dominik Macko , Andrew Pulver