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Current language models decode text token by token according to probabilistic distribution, and determining the appropriate candidates for the next token is crucial to ensure generation quality. This study introduces adaptive decoding, a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Wenhong Zhu , Hongkun Hao , Zhiwei He , Yiming Ai , Rui Wang

Recently, the state-of-the-art models for image captioning have overtaken human performance based on the most popular metrics, such as BLEU, METEOR, ROUGE, and CIDEr. Does this mean we have solved the task of image captioning? The above…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-05-16 Qingzhong Wang , Antoni B. Chan

Text generation has made significant advances in the last few years. Yet, evaluation metrics have lagged behind, as the most popular choices (e.g., BLEU and ROUGE) may correlate poorly with human judgments. We propose BLEURT, a learned…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-22 Thibault Sellam , Dipanjan Das , Ankur P. Parikh

Despite advances in generation quality, current text-to-image (T2I) models often lack diversity, generating homogeneous outputs. This work introduces a framework to address the need for robust diversity evaluation in T2I models. Our…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Isabela Albuquerque , Ira Ktena , Olivia Wiles , Ivana Kajić , Amal Rannen-Triki , Cristina Vasconcelos , Aida Nematzadeh

Existing automatic evaluation metrics for open-domain dialogue response generation systems correlate poorly with human evaluation. We focus on evaluating response generation systems via response selection. To evaluate systems properly via…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Shiki Sato , Reina Akama , Hiroki Ouchi , Jun Suzuki , Kentaro Inui

We present three enhancements to existing encoder-decoder models for open-domain conversational agents, aimed at effectively modeling coherence and promoting output diversity: (1) We introduce a measure of coherence as the GloVe embedding…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-11-22 Xinnuo Xu , Ondřej Dušek , Ioannis Konstas , Verena Rieser

Generating natural questions from an image is a semantic task that requires using visual and language modality to learn multimodal representations. Images can have multiple visual and language contexts that are relevant for generating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-18 Badri N. Patro , Sandeep Kumar , Vinod K. Kurmi , Vinay P. Namboodiri

With the surge of large language models (LLMs) and their ability to produce customized output, style-personalized text generation--"write like me"--has become a rapidly growing area of interest. However, style personalization is highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Anubhav Jangra , Bahareh Sarrafzadeh , Silviu Cucerzan , Adrian de Wynter , Sujay Kumar Jauhar

Automatic evaluation of text generation is essential for improving the accuracy of generation tasks. In light of the current trend towards increasingly larger decoder-based language models, we investigate automatic evaluation methods based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-18 Tomohito Kasahara , Daisuke Kawahara

The explosion of open-sourced models and Question-Answering (QA) datasets emphasizes the importance of automated QA evaluation. We studied the statistics of the existing evaluation metrics for a better understanding of their limitations. By…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yun Joon Soh , Jishen Zhao

Automatic metrics are fundamental for the development and evaluation of machine translation systems. Judging whether, and to what extent, automatic metrics concur with the gold standard of human evaluation is not a straightforward problem.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-06-15 Nitika Mathur , Timothy Baldwin , Trevor Cohn

Automatic question generation aims to generate questions from a text passage where the generated questions can be answered by certain sub-spans of the given passage. Traditional methods mainly use rigid heuristic rules to transform a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-04-19 Qingyu Zhou , Nan Yang , Furu Wei , Chuanqi Tan , Hangbo Bao , Ming Zhou

There is significant interest in developing evaluation metrics which accurately estimate the quality of generated text without the aid of a human-written reference text, which can be time consuming and expensive to collect or entirely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-25 Daniel Deutsch , Rotem Dror , Dan Roth

Quality and diversity have been proposed as reasonable heuristics for assessing content generated by co-creative systems, but to date there has been little agreement around what constitutes the latter or how to measure it. Proposed…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Francisco Ibarrola , Kazjon Grace

The GLEU metric was proposed for evaluating grammatical error corrections using n-gram overlap with a set of reference sentences, as opposed to precision/recall of specific annotated errors (Napoles et al., 2015). This paper describes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-05-10 Courtney Napoles , Keisuke Sakaguchi , Matt Post , Joel Tetreault

This paper presents an approach combining lexico-semantic resources and distributed representations of words applied to the evaluation in machine translation (MT). This study is made through the enrichment of a well-known MT evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-10-06 Christophe Servan , Alexandre Berard , Zied Elloumi , Hervé Blanchon , Laurent Besacier

The majority of NLG evaluation relies on automatic metrics, such as BLEU . In this paper, we motivate the need for novel, system- and data-independent automatic evaluation methods: We investigate a wide range of metrics, including…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-09-18 Jekaterina Novikova , Ondřej Dušek , Amanda Cercas Curry , Verena Rieser

We investigate a long-perceived shortcoming in the typical use of BLEU: its reliance on a single reference. Using modern neural paraphrasing techniques, we study whether automatically generating additional diverse references can provide…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-12 Rachel Bawden , Biao Zhang , Lisa Yankovskaya , Andre Tättar , Matt Post

The purpose of unconditional text generation is to train a model with real sentences, then generate novel sentences of the same quality and diversity as the training data. However, when different metrics are used for comparing the methods…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-07-03 Ping Cai , Xingyuan Chen , Peng Jin , Hongjun Wang , Tianrui Li

We propose a method for natural language generation, choosing the most representative output rather than the most likely output. By viewing the language generation process from the voting theory perspective, we define representativeness…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-27 Sebastian Borgeaud , Guy Emerson