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In today's rapidly evolving military landscape, advancing artificial intelligence (AI) in support of wargaming becomes essential. Despite reinforcement learning (RL) showing promise for developing intelligent agents, conventional RL faces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Scotty Black

In the domain of combat simulations in support of wargaming, the development of intelligent agents has predominantly been characterized by rule-based, scripted methodologies with deep reinforcement learning (RL) approaches only recently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Scotty Black , Christian Darken

In inaccessible environments with uncertain task demands, robots often rely on general-purpose tools that lack predefined usage strategies. These tools are not tailored for particular operations, making their longevity highly sensitive to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Po-Yen Wu , Cheng-Yu Kuo , Yuki Kadokawa , Takamitsu Matsubara

Large language models (LLMs) excel at many supervised tasks but often struggle with structured reasoning in unfamiliar settings. This discrepancy suggests that standard fine-tuning pipelines may instill narrow, domain-specific heuristics…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-06 Zhen Hao Wong , Jingwen Deng , Runming He , Zirong Chen , Qijie You , Hejun Dong , Hao Liang , Chengyu Shen , Bin Cui , Wentao Zhang

While deep reinforcement learning (RL) agents outperform humans on an increasing number of tasks, training them requires data equivalent to decades of human gameplay. Recent hierarchical RL methods have increased sample efficiency by…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-21 Anna Penzkofer , Simon Schaefer , Florian Strohm , Mihai Bâce , Stefan Leutenegger , Andreas Bulling

Serious games are beneficial for education in various computer science areas. Numerous works have reported the experiences of using games (not only playing but also development) in teaching and learning. Considering it could be difficult…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2017-08-07 Zheng Li , Liam O'Brien , Shayne Flint , Ramesh Sankaranarayana

Large Language Models (LLMs) have exhibited strong mathematical reasoning prowess, tackling tasks ranging from basic arithmetic to advanced competition-level problems. However, frequently occurring subtle yet critical errors, such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Kaishuai Xu , Tiezheng Yu , Wenjun Hou , Yi Cheng , Chak Tou Leong , Liangyou Li , Xin Jiang , Lifeng Shang , Qun Liu , Wenjie Li

Instruction-driven image editing with unified multimodal generative models has advanced rapidly, yet their underlying visual reasoning remains limited, leading to suboptimal performance on reasoning-centric edits. Reinforcement learning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Hengjia Li , Liming Jiang , Qing Yan , Yizhi Song , Hao Kang , Zichuan Liu , Xin Lu , Boxi Wu , Deng Cai

Reinforcement learning (RL) -- algorithms that teach artificial agents to interact with environments by maximising reward signals -- has achieved significant success in recent years. These successes have been facilitated by advances in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-03 Llewyn Salt , Marcus Gallagher

The rise of simulation environments has enabled learning-based approaches for assembly planning, which is otherwise a labor-intensive and daunting task. Assembling furniture is especially interesting since furniture are intricate and pose…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-09-16 Özgür Aslan , Burak Bolat , Batuhan Bal , Tuğba Tümer , Erol Şahin , Sinan Kalkan

Reinforcement Learning (RL) is a research area that has blossomed tremendously in recent years and has shown remarkable potential in among others successfully playing computer games. However, there only exists a few game platforms that…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2018-01-29 Per-Arne Andersen , Morten Goodwin , Ole-Christoffer Granmo

Conventional recommender systems (RSs) face challenges in precisely capturing users' fine-grained preferences. Large language models (LLMs) have shown capabilities in commonsense reasoning and leveraging external tools that may help address…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-05-27 Yuyue Zhao , Jiancan Wu , Xiang Wang , Wei Tang , Dingxian Wang , Maarten de Rijke

Existing web-scale recommendation systems commonly use supervised learning methods that prioritize immediate user feedback. Although reinforcement learning (RL) offers a solution to optimize longer-term goals, such as in-session engagement,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-04 Mehdi Ben Ayed , Fei Feng , Jay Adams , Vishwakarma Singh , Kritarth Anand , Jiajing Xu

Augmenting large language models (LLMs) with external tools is a promising approach to enhance their capabilities, especially for complex tasks. Synthesizing tool-use data through real-world simulations is an effective way to achieve this.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Yirong Zeng , Xiao Ding , Yuxian Wang , Weiwen Liu , Wu Ning , Yutai Hou , Xu Huang , Duyu Tang , Dandan Tu , Bing Qin , Ting Liu

AI co-scientists are emerging as a tool to assist human researchers in achieving their research goals. A crucial feature of these AI co-scientists is the ability to generate a research plan given a set of aims and constraints. The plan may…

The efficiency of game engines and policy optimization algorithms is crucial for training reinforcement learning (RL) agents in complex sequential decision-making tasks, such as Tetris. Existing Tetris implementations suffer from low…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Xingguo Chen , Pingshou Xiong , Zhenyu Luo , Mengfei Hu , Xinwen Li , Yongzhou Lü , Guang Yang , Chao Li , Shangdong Yang

As large language models (LLMs) increasingly shape how users form, refine, and extend their goals, attributing contributions in human-AI collaboration becomes critical for users calibrating their own reliance and for evaluators assessing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Eunsu Kim , Jessica R. Mindel , Kyungjin Kim , Sherry Tongshuang Wu

We delineate the development of a mind-mapping system designed concurrently for both VR and desktop platforms. Employing an iterative methodology with groups of users, we systematically examined and improved various facets of our system,…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Ying Yang , Tim Dwyer , Zachari Swiecki , Benjamin Lee , Michael Wybrow , Maxime Cordeil , Teresa Wulandari , Bruce H. Thomas , Mark Billinghurst

This paper introduces a framework for the automated evaluation of natural language texts. A manually constructed rubric describes how to assess multiple dimensions of interest. To evaluate a text, a large language model (LLM) is prompted…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-03 Helia Hashemi , Jason Eisner , Corby Rosset , Benjamin Van Durme , Chris Kedzie

Robot assistants for older adults and people with disabilities need to interact with their users in collaborative tasks. The core component of these systems is an interaction manager whose job is to observe and assess the task, and infer…

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