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When the novel coronavirus disease SARS-CoV2 (COVID-19) was officially declared a pandemic by the WHO in March 2020, the scientific community had already braced up in the effort of making sense of the fast-growing wealth of data gathered by…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-25 Timoteo Carletti , Duccio Fanelli , Francesco Piazza

Testing of symptomatic persons for infection with SARS-CoV-2 is occurring worldwide. We propose two types of case-control studies that can be carried out jointly in test-settings for symptomatic persons. The first, the test-negative…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-06-08 Jan P Vandenbroucke , Elizabeth B Brickley , Christina M J E Vandenbroucke-Grauls , Neil Pearce

We propose a novel testing and containment strategy in order to contain the spread of SARS-CoV2 while permitting large parts of the population to resume social and economic activity. Our approach recognises the fact that testing capacities…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-04-29 Jakob Jonnerby , Philip Lazos , Edwin Lock , Francisco Marmolejo-Cossío , C. Bronk Ramsey , Meghana Shukla , Divya Sridhar

COVID-19 has shown a relatively low mortality rate in young healthy individuals, with the majority of this group being asymptomatic or having mild symptoms, while the severity of the disease among individuals with underlying health…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-06-22 Dario Ortega Anderez , Eiman Kanjo , Ganna Pogrebna , Shane Johnson , John Alan Hunt

The viral load of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 varies on logarithmic scales and possibly with age. Controversial claims have been made in the literature regarding whether the viral load distribution actually depends on the age of the…

Since the beginning of March 2020, the cumulative numbers of cases of infection with the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 in Germany have been reported on a daily basis. The reports originate from national laws, according to which positive test…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2020-05-08 Ralph Brinks , Annika Hoyer

We propose two stochastic models for the Coronavirus pandemic. The statistical properties of the models, in particular the correlation functions and the probability density function, have duly been computed. Our models, which generalises a…

Medical Physics · Physics 2020-12-04 Giorgio Sonnino , Fernando Mora , Pasquale Nardone

Controlling the COVID-19 pandemic is an urgent global challenge. The rapid geographic spread of SARS-CoV-2 directly reflects the social structure. Before effective vaccines and treatments are widely available, we have to rely on…

Physics and Society · Physics 2021-08-11 Karina I Mazzitello , Yi Jiang , Constancio M Arizmendi

During the COVID-19 pandemic, different types of non-pharmaceutical interventions played an important role in the efforts to control outbreaks and to limit the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. In certain countries, large-scale voluntary…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-10 Rasmus Kristoffer Pedersen , Christian Berrig , Tamás Tekeli , Gergely Röst , Viggo Andreasen

The discovery of SARS-CoV-2, the responsible virus for the Covid-19 epidemic, has sparked a global health concern with many countries affected. Developing models that can interpret the epidemic and give common trend parameters are useful…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-09-21 Milad Radiom , Jean-Franccois Berret

During an infectious disease outbreak, providing accurate answers to policy questions about transmission requires a detailed model of the natural history of infectiousness. Unfortunately, direct measures of infectiousness are generally…

The question of how SARS-CoV-2 is transmitted remains surprisingly controversial today, especially with reference to airborne transmission. In fact, despite a large body of scientific evidence, health and regulatory authorities still…

Medical Physics · Physics 2021-10-07 G. Buonanno , A. Robotto , E. Brizio , L. Morawska , A. Civra , F. Corino , D. Lembo , G. Ficco , L. Stabile

Although previous infection and vaccination provide protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection, both reinfection and breakthrough infection are possible events whose occurrence would increase with time after first exposure to the antigen and…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-06-07 Ariel Félix Gualtieri , Carolina de la Cal , Augusto Francisco Toma , Pedro Hecht

In this paper, we estimate the seroprevalence against COVID-19 by country and derive the seroprevalence over the world. To estimate seroprevalence, we use serological surveys (also called the serosurveys) conducted within each country. When…

Applications · Statistics 2022-02-01 Kwangmin Lee , Seongmin Kim , Seongil Jo , Jaeyong Lee

During the COVID-19 pandemic, many institutions such as universities and workplaces implemented testing regimens with every member of some population tested longitudinally, and those testing positive isolated for some time. Although the…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-04-19 Patrick M. Schnell , Matthew Wascher , Grzegorz A. Rempala

More than any other infectious disease epidemic, the COVID-19 pandemic has been characterized by the generation of large volumes of viral genomic data at an incredible pace due to recent advances in high-throughput sequencing technologies,…

COVID-19 vaccines are highly efficacious at preventing symptomatic infection, severe disease, and death. Most of the evidence that COVID-19 vaccines also reduce transmission of SARS-CoV-2 is based on retrospective, observational studies.…

Applications · Statistics 2022-06-16 Marlena S. Bannick , Fei Gao , Elizabeth R. Brown , Holly E. Janes

Background: Rapid testing for an infection is paramount during a pandemic to prevent continued viral spread and excess morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine whether alternative testing strategies based on sample pooling can…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-01-27 Timo de Wolff , Dirk Pflüger , Michael Rehme , Janin Heuer , Martin-Immanuel Bittner

Characterising drivers of SARS-CoV-2 circulation is crucial for understanding COVID-19 because of the severity of control measures adopted during the pandemic. Whole genome sequence data augmented with demographic metadata provides the best…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-17 Anna Gamża , Samantha Lycett , Will Harvey , Joseph Hughes , Sema Nickbakhsh , David L Robertson , Alison Smith Palmer , Anthony Wood , Rowland Kao

We quantified the probability of developing symptoms (respiratory or fever \geq 37.5 {\deg}C) and critical disease (requiring intensive care or resulting in death) of SARS-CoV-2 positive subjects. 5,484 contacts of SARS-CoV-2 index cases…