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Image dehazing is an important task in the field of computer vision, aiming at restoring clear and detail-rich visual content from haze-affected images. However, when dealing with complex scenes, existing methods often struggle to strike a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Shuaibin Fan , Senming Zhong , Wenchao Yan , Minglong Xue

Neural Collapse (NC) gives a precise description of the representations of classes in the final hidden layer of classification neural networks. This description provides insights into how these networks learn features and generalize well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Liam Parker , Emre Onal , Anton Stengel , Jake Intrater

The recently proposed Kolmogorov-Arnold network (KAN) is a promising alternative to multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs) for data-driven modeling. While original KAN layers were only capable of representing the addition operator, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Benjamin C. Koenig , Suyong Kim , Sili Deng

Multilayer networks preserve full information about the different interactions among the constituents of a complex system, and have recently proven quite useful in modelling transportation networks, social circles, and the human brain. A…

Physics and Society · Physics 2020-06-29 Andrea Santoro , Vincenzo Nicosia

An approach to construct explicit integral representations for two-layer ReLU networks is presented, which provides relatively simple representations for any multivariate polynomial. Quantitative bounds are provided for a particular,…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-13 Anthony Lee

Characterizing the function spaces corresponding to neural networks can provide a way to understand their properties. In this paper we discuss how the theory of reproducing kernel Banach spaces can be used to tackle this challenge. In…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-10-27 Francesca Bartolucci , Ernesto De Vito , Lorenzo Rosasco , Stefano Vigogna

Graph is a universe data structure that is widely used to organize data in real-world. Various real-word networks like the transportation network, social and academic network can be represented by graphs. Recent years have witnessed the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-23 Xueyi Liu , Jie Tang

When training overparameterized deep networks for classification tasks, it has been widely observed that the learned features exhibit a so-called "neural collapse" phenomenon. More specifically, for the output features of the penultimate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-03-09 Can Yaras , Peng Wang , Zhihui Zhu , Laura Balzano , Qing Qu

Recently, deep learning has achieved huge successes in many important applications. In our previous studies, we proposed quadratic/second-order neurons and deep quadratic neural networks. In a quadratic neuron, the inner product of a vector…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-29 Fenglei Fan , Jinjun Xiong , Ge Wang

Despite significant advances in the field of deep learning in ap-plications to various areas, an explanation of the learning pro-cess of neural network models remains an important open ques-tion. The purpose of this paper is a comprehensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-07 German Magai

This paper presents two main theoretical results concerning shallow neural networks with ReLU$^k$ activation functions. We establish a novel integral representation for Sobolev spaces, showing that every function in…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2025-05-13 Xinliang Liu , Tong Mao , Jinchao Xu

It is well known that Artificial Neural Networks are universal approximators. The classical result proves that, given a continuous function on a compact set on an n-dimensional space, then there exists a one-hidden-layer feedforward network…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-23 Rocio Gonzalez-Diaz , Miguel A. Gutiérrez-Naranjo , Eduardo Paluzo-Hidalgo

Implicit Neural Representations (INRs) have emerged as a paradigm in knowledge representation, offering exceptional flexibility and performance across a diverse range of applications. INRs leverage multilayer perceptrons (MLPs) to model…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Amer Essakine , Yanqi Cheng , Chun-Wun Cheng , Lipei Zhang , Zhongying Deng , Lei Zhu , Carola-Bibiane Schönlieb , Angelica I Aviles-Rivero

Deep neural networks are widely used in various domains. However, the nature of computations at each layer of the deep networks is far from being well understood. Increasing the interpretability of deep neural networks is thus important.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-19 Haiping Huang

Deep learning neural networks architectures such Multi Layer Perceptrons (MLP) and Convolutional blocks still play a crucial role in nowadays research advancements. From a topological point of view, these architecture may be represented as…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Ugo Lomoio , Pierangelo Veltri , Pietro Hiram Guzzi

The computational cost of geochemical solvers is a challenging matter. For reactive transport simulations, where chemical calculations are performed up to billions of times, it is crucial to reduce the total computational time. Existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Leonardo Boledi , Dirk Bosbach , Jenna Poonoosamy

Neural models learn representations of high-dimensional data on low-dimensional manifolds. Multiple factors, including stochasticities in the training process, model architectures, and additional inductive biases, may induce different…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Hanlin Yu , Berfin Inal , Georgios Arvanitidis , Soren Hauberg , Francesco Locatello , Marco Fumero

In neural networks, task-relevant information is represented jointly by groups of neurons. However, the specific way in which this mutual information about the classification label is distributed among the individual neurons is not well…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-06-08 David A. Ehrlich , Andreas C. Schneider , Viola Priesemann , Michael Wibral , Abdullah Makkeh

This paper expresses the structure of artificial neural network (ANN) as a functional form, using the activation integral concept derived from the activation function. In this way, the structure of ANN can be represented by a simple…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-03 Zhongkui Ma

We propose to optimize the activation functions of a deep neural network by adding a corresponding functional regularization to the cost function. We justify the use of a second-order total-variation criterion. This allows us to derive a…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-02-04 Michael Unser