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We extend the even weight modular forms of modular invariant approach to general integral weight modular forms. We find that the modular forms of integral weights and level $N$ can be arranged into irreducible representations of the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-10-02 Xiang-Gan Liu , Gui-Jun Ding

We establish an isomorphism between certain complex-valued and vector-valued modular form spaces of half-integral weight, generalizing the well-known isomorphism between modular forms for $\Gamma_0(4)$ with Kohnen's plus condition and…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2017-05-23 Yichao Zhang

In this study, we explore the application of the $\Gamma_{3}$ modular group, which is isomorphic to the $A_{4}$ symmetric group in developing a model for neutrino mass. We realized a non-supersymmetric left-right asymmetric model…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2025-07-23 Bhabana Kumar , Mrinal Kumar Das

We define a notion of modular forms of half-integral weight on the quaternionic exceptional groups. We prove that they have a well-behaved notion of Fourier coefficients, which are complex numbers defined up to multiplication by $\pm 1$. We…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-09-20 Spencer Leslie , Aaron Pollack

This is a review article about neutrino mass and mixing and flavour model building strategies based on modular symmetry. After an introduction to neutrino mass and lepton mixing, we then turn to the main subject of this review, namely a…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-11-17 Gui-Jun Ding , Stephen F. King

We present a comprehensive analysis of neutrino mass and lepton mixing in theories with $A_5$ modular symmetry. We construct the weight 2, weight 4 and weight 6 modular forms of level 5 in terms of Dedekind eta-functions and Klein forms,…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2019-12-11 Gui-Jun Ding , Stephen F. King , Xiang-Gan Liu

In this paper, we construct a model with the help of modular symmetry in the framework of minimal inverse seesaw [ISS(2,3)]. We have used $\Gamma(3)$ modular group which is isomorphic to non-Abelian discrete symmetry group $A_4$. In this…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2023-05-03 Jotin Gogoi , Nayana Gautam , Mrinal Kumar Das

We perform a comprehensive study of the homogeneous finite modular group $A'_5$ which is the double covering of $A_5$. The integral weight and level 5 modular forms have been constructed up to weight 6 and they are decomposed into the…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-05-26 Chang-Yuan Yao , Xiang-Gan Liu , Gui-Jun Ding

We revisit the modular flavor symmetry from a more general perspective. The scalar modular forms of principal congruence subgroups are extended to the vector-valued modular forms, then we have more possible finite modular groups including…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2022-04-13 Xiang-Gan Liu , Gui-Jun Ding

We explore a new class of supersymmetric models for lepton masses and mixing angles where the role of flavour symmetry is played by modular invariance. The building blocks are modular forms of level N and matter supermultiplets, both…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2017-10-02 Ferruccio Feruglio

Suppose that $\ell \geq 5$ is prime. For a positive integer $N$ with $4 \mid N$, previous works studied properties of half-integral weight modular forms on $\Gamma_0(N)$ which are supported on finitely many square classes modulo $\ell$, in…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-11-09 Robert Dicks

We perform a comprehensive analysis of the homogeneous finite modular group $\Gamma'_4\equiv S'_4$ which is the double covering of $S_4$ group. The weight 1 modular forms of level 4 are constructed in terms of Dedekind eta function, and…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-03-31 Xiang-Gan Liu , Chang-Yuan Yao , Gui-Jun Ding

We consider for the first time level 7 modular invariant flavour models where the lepton mixing originates from the breaking of modular symmetry and couplings responsible for lepton masses are modular forms. The latter are decomposed into…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2020-04-28 Gui-Jun Ding , Stephen F. King , Cai-Chang Li , Ye-Ling Zhou

We propose to construct the finite modular groups from the quotient of two principal congruence subgroups as $\Gamma(N')/\Gamma(N")$, and the modular group $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ is extended to a principal congruence subgroup $\Gamma(N')$. The…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-11-17 Cai-Chang Li , Xiang-Gan Liu , Gui-Jun Ding

We give explicit structure of the graded ring of modular forms with respect to Gamma(N) (N=1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,12,16,18) and for some other congruence groups. We also study the modular forms of half-integer weight for certain groups.

Number Theory · Mathematics 2019-04-10 Suda Tomohiko

We study the phenomenological implications of the modular symmetry $\Gamma(3) \simeq A_4$ of lepton flavors facing recent experimental data of neutrino oscillations. The mass matrices of neutrinos and charged leptons are essentially given…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2018-12-26 Tatsuo Kobayashi , Naoya Omoto , Yusuke Shimizu , Kenta Takagi , Morimitsu Tanimoto , Takuya H. Tatsuishi

We study the Witten--Reshetikhin--Turaev SU(2) invariant for the Seifert manifold with 4-singular fibers. We define the Eichler integrals of the modular forms with half-integral weight, and we show that the invariant is rewritten as a sum…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Kazuhiro Hikami

In the modular symmetry approach to neutrino models, the flavour symmetry emerges as a finite subgroup $\Gamma_N$ of the modular symmetry, broken by the vacuum expectation value (VEV) of a modulus field $\tau$. If the VEV of the modulus…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2026-01-13 Gui-Jun Ding , Stephen F. King , Xiang-Gan Liu , Jun-Nan Lu

The even weight modular forms of level $N$ can be arranged into the common irreducible representations of the inhomogeneous finite modular group $\Gamma_N$ and the homogeneous finite modular group $\Gamma'_N$ which is the double covering of…

High Energy Physics - Phenomenology · Physics 2021-09-30 Jun-Nan Lu , Xiang-Gan Liu , Gui-Jun Ding

In this paper, we explore a two-way connection between quasimodular forms of depth $1$ and a class of second-order modular differential equations with regular singularities on the upper half-plane and the cusps. Here we consider the cases…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-03-09 Chang-Shou Lin , Yifan Yang
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