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Inversion sequences are finite sequences of non-negative integers, where the value of each entry is bounded from above by its position. Patterns in inversion sequences have been studied by Corteel-Martinez-Savage-Weselcouch and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-03-26 Juan S. Auli , Sergi Elizalde

We introduce "fertility Wilf equivalence," "strong fertility Wilf equivalence," and "postorder Wilf equivalence," three variants of Wilf equivalence for permutation classes that formalize some phenomena that have appeared in the study of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-01-13 Colin Defant

Super-strong Wilf equivalence classes of the symmetric group ${\mathcal S}_n$ on $n$ letters, with respect to the generalized factor order, were shown by Hadjiloucas, Michos and Savvidou (2018) to be in bijection with pyramidal sequences of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 Ioannis Michos , Christina Savvidou

In a recent preprint, Mike Cummings showed that the smooth components of suitably parametrized Springer fibers are in bijection with contracted, fully reduced Pl\"ucker degree-two $\mathfrak{sl}_r$-webs of standard type and that are…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-03-19 Jessica Striker , Bridget Eileen Tenner

We study the equidistribution of mesh patterns of length 2. We show that the number of equidistribution equivalence classes lies between 105 and 108, and conjecture that it is exactly 105. As a consequence, we obtain an upper bound of 49…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-05-20 Xinyu Su , Sergey Kitaev , Jiahao Zhang

The number of 123-avoiding permutation on $\{1,2,\ldots,n\}$ with a fixed leading terms is counted by the ballot numbers. The same holds for $132$-avoiding permutations. These results were proved by Miner and Pak using the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-02-24 Ömer Eğecioğlu , Collier Gaiser , Mei Yin

The existence of apparently coincidental equalities (also called Wilf-equivalences) between the enumeration sequences, or generating functions, of various hereditary classes of combinatorial structures has attracted significant interest. We…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-08-01 Michael Albert , Mathilde Bouvel

Ascent sequences form a central class of combinatorial objects, as they are in bijection with several important families such as (2+2)-free posets, Stoimenow matchings, and other Fishburn objects, and are enumerated by the Fishburn numbers.…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2026-04-09 Qi Liu , Sergey Kitaev , Philip B. Zhang

Starting with an inclusion-exclusion proof of a combinatorial identity, a direct bijection can be produced using recursive subtraction (sometimes with a direct combinatorial description). We apply this method to identities for generalized…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-10-31 Melanie Ferreri

A frequent topic in the study of pattern avoidance is identifying when two sets of patterns $\Pi, \Pi'$ are Wilf equivalent, that is, when $|\text{Av}_n(\Pi)| = |\text{Av}_n(\Pi')|$ for all $n$. In recent work of Dokos et al. the notion of…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2019-04-24 Caden Bielawa , Robert Davis , Daniel Greeson , Qinhan Zhou

We give a representation-theoretic bijection between rooted labeled forests with $n$ vertices and complete exceptional sequences for the quiver of type $A_n$ with straight orientation. The ascending and descending vertices in the forest…

Representation Theory · Mathematics 2025-01-03 Kiyoshi Igusa , Emre Sen

We introduce an algorithmic approach based on generating tree method for enumerating the inversion sequences with various pattern-avoidance restrictions. For a given set of patterns, we propose an algorithm that outputs either an accurate…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-09-28 Toufik Mansour , Gökhan Yıldırım

Inspired by Stufler's recent probabilistic proof of Otter's asymptotic number of unlabeled trees, we revisit work of Palmer and Schwenk, and study unlabeled forests from a probabilistic point of view. We show that the number of trees in a…

Probability · Mathematics 2025-07-23 Michal Bassan , Serte Donderwinkel , Brett Kolesnik

For about 10 years, the classification of permutation patterns was thought completed up to length 6. In this paper, we establish a new class of Wilf-equivalent permutation patterns, namely, (n-1,n-2,n,tau)~(n-2,n,n-1,tau) for any tau in…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-05-23 Zvezdelina Stankova-Frenkel , Julian West

We investigate pattern avoidance in permutations satisfying some additional restrictions. These are naturally considered in terms of avoiding patterns in linear extensions of certain forest-like partially ordered sets, which we call binary…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-06-22 David Bevan , Derek Levin , Peter Nugent , Jay Pantone , Lara Pudwell , Manda Riehl , ML Tlachac

We investigate pattern avoidance in alternating permutations and generalizations thereof. First, we study pattern avoidance in an alternating analogue of Young diagrams. In particular, we extend Babson-West's notion of shape-Wilf…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-10-21 Nihal Gowravaram , Ravi Jagadeesan

In this paper, we introduce the notion of Cartesian Forest, which generalizes Cartesian Trees, in order to deal with partially ordered sequences. We show that algorithms that solve both exact and approximate Cartesian Tree Matching can be…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Bastien Auvray , Julien David , Richard Groult , Thierry Lecroq

In this paper, we consider the family of pattern-replacement equivalence relations referred to as the "indices and values adjacent" case. Each such equivalence is determined by a partition $P$ of a subset of $S_c$ for some $c$. In 2010,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-03-04 William Kuszmaul

The research on pattern-avoidance has yielded so far limited knowledge on Wilf-ordering of permutations. The Stanley-Wilf limits sqrt[n](|S_n(tau)|) and further works suggest asymptotic ordering of layered versus monotone patterns. Yet,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-29 Zvezdelina Stankova

We classify all bi-vincular patterns of length two and three according to the number of permutations avoiding them. These patterns were recently defined by Bousquet-Melou et. al., and are natural generalizations of Babson and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-11-17 Robert Parviainen