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Related papers: A Vision for Numerical Weather Prediction in 2030

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Statistical postprocessing techniques are nowadays key components of the forecasting suites in many National Meteorological Services (NMS), with for most of them, the objective of correcting the impact of different types of errors on the…

Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models that integrate coupled physical equations forward in time are the traditional tools for simulating atmospheric processes and forecasting weather. With recent advancements in deep learning, AI-based…

Computational Physics · Physics 2025-12-22 Milton Gomez , Louis Poulain--Auzeau , Alexis Berne , Tom Beucler

Numerical weather prediction (NWP) centers around the world operate a variety of NWP models. In addition, recent advances in AI-driven NWP models have further increased the availability of NWP outputs. While this expansion holds the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Atsushi Kudo

Accurate weather forecasts are important for disaster prevention, agricultural planning, etc. Traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) methods offer physically interpretable high-accuracy predictions but are computationally expensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Yuan Gao , Hao Wu , Ruiqi Shu , Huanshuo Dong , Fan Xu , Rui Ray Chen , Yibo Yan , Qingsong Wen , Xuming Hu , Kun Wang , Jiahao Wu , Qing Li , Hui Xiong , Xiaomeng Huang

Accurate weather forecasts are essential for supporting a wide range of activities and decision-making processes, as well as mitigating the impacts of adverse weather events. While traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) remains the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Daniele Zambon , Michele Cattaneo , Ivan Marisca , Jonas Bhend , Daniele Nerini , Cesare Alippi

Hurricane track forecasting remains a significant challenge due to the complex interactions between the atmosphere, land, and ocean. Although AI-based numerical weather prediction models, such as Google Graphcast operation, have…

With a warming planet, tropical regions are expected to experience the brunt of climate change, with more intense and more volatile rainfall events. Currently, state-of-the-art numerical weather prediction (NWP) models are known to struggle…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Indrajit Kalita , Lucia Vilallonga , Yves Atchade

Obtaining a sufficient forecast lead time for local precipitation is essential in preventing hazardous weather events. Global warming-induced climate change increases the challenge of accurately predicting severe precipitation events, such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Sojung An , Junha Lee , Jiyeon Jang , Inchae Na , Wooyeon Park , Sujeong You

Scientific and technological advances in numerical modelling have improved the quality of climate predictions over recent decades, but predictive skill remains limited in many aspects. Extreme events such as heat and cold waves, droughts,…

This paper investigates the impact of observations on atmospheric state estimation in weather forecasting systems using graph neural networks (GNNs) and explainability methods. We integrate observation and Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-27 Hyeon-Ju Jeon , Jeon-Ho Kang , In-Hyuk Kwon , O-Joun Lee

Numerical weather predictions (NWP) are systematically subject to errors due to the deterministic solutions used by numerical models to simulate the atmosphere. Statistical postprocessing techniques are widely used nowadays for NWP…

Frequent occurrences of extreme weather events substantially impact the lives of the less privileged in our societies, particularly in agriculture-inclined economies. The unpredictability of extreme fires, floods, drought, cyclones, and…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2022-10-18 Derrick Effah , Chunguang Bai , Matthew Quayson

Recently, multiple data-driven models based on machine learning for weather forecasting have emerged. These models are highly competitive in terms of accuracy compared to traditional numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems. In…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-10 Wencong Cheng , Yan Yan , Jiangjiang Xia , Qi Liu , Chang Qu , Zhigang Wang

Photovoltaic (PV) power generation has emerged as one of the lead renewable energy sources. Yet, its production is characterized by high uncertainty, being dependent on weather conditions like solar irradiance and temperature. Predicting PV…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-17 Johan Mathe , Nina Miolane , Nicolas Sebastien , Jeremie Lequeux

We review how machine learning has transformed our ability to model the Earth system, and how we expect recent breakthroughs to benefit end-users in Switzerland in the near future. Drawing from our review, we identify three recommendations.…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2024-01-29 Tom Beucler , Erwan Koch , Sven Kotlarski , David Leutwyler , Adrien Michel , Jonathan Koh

Currently, the issue that concerns the world leaders most is climate change for its effect on agriculture, environment and economies of daily life. So, to combat this, temperature prediction with strong accuracy is vital. So far, the most…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-26 Wasiou Jaharabi , MD Ibrahim Al Hossain , Rownak Tahmid , Md. Zuhayer Islam , T. M. Saad Rayhan

The energy market relies on forecasting capabilities of both demand and power generation that need to be kept in dynamic balance. Today, when it comes to renewable energy generation, such decisions are increasingly made in a liberalized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-15 Odin Foldvik Eikeland , Finn Dag Hovem , Tom Eirik Olsen , Matteo Chiesa , Filippo Maria Bianchi

We study the applicability of GNNs to the problem of wind energy forecasting. We find that certain architectures achieve performance comparable to our best CNN-based benchmark. The study is conducted on three wind power facilities using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-02 Javier Castellano , Ignacio Villanueva

We present a significantly-improved data-driven global weather forecasting framework using a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) to forecast several basic atmospheric variables on a global grid. New developments in this framework…

Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics · Physics 2020-10-14 Jonathan A. Weyn , Dale R. Durran , Rich Caruana