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The next generation of adaptive optics (AO) systems will require tomographic reconstruction techniques to map the optical refractive index fluctuations, generated by the atmospheric turbulence, along the line of sight to the astronomical…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2014-01-07 H. W. Shepherd , J. Osborn , R. W. Wilson , T. Butterley , R. Avila , V. S. Dhillon , T. J. Morris

The Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope (CSST) is a flagship space-based observatory. Its main survey camera is designed to conduct high spatial resolution near-ultraviolet to near-infrared imaging and low-resolution spectroscopic…

We present an optimisation method for the assignment of photometric galaxies into a chosen set of redshift bins. This is achieved by combining simulated annealing, an optimisation algorithm inspired by solid-state physics, with an…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2023-02-08 Benjamin Stölzner , Benjamin Joachimi , Andreas Korn , the LSST Dark Energy Science Collaboration

Despite compelling theoretical arguments, the use of clusters as cosmological probes is, in practice, frequently questioned because of the many uncertainties impinging on cluster mass estimates. Our aim is to develop a fully self-consistent…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2017-11-29 M. Pierre , A. Valotti , L. Faccioli , N. Clerc , R. Gastaud , E. Koulouridis , F. Pacaud

Advances in lightweight neural networks have revolutionized computer vision in a broad range of IoT applications, encompassing remote monitoring and process automation. However, the detection of small objects, which is crucial for many of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Liam Boyle , Nicolas Baumann , Seonyeong Heo , Michele Magno

The Southern Photometric Local Universe Survey (S-PLUS) is a novel project that aims to map the Southern Hemisphere using a twelve filter system, comprising five broad-band SDSS-like filters and seven narrow-band filters optimized for…

Scanning Tunneling microscopy (STM) is a widely used tool for atomic imaging of novel materials and its surface energetics. However, the optimization of the imaging conditions is a tedious process due to the extremely sensitive tip-surface…

Applied Physics · Physics 2024-04-11 Ganesh Narasimha , Saban Hus , Arpan Biswas , Rama Vasudevan , Maxim Ziatdinov

Sparse tiling is a technique to fuse loops that access common data, thus increasing data locality. Unlike traditional loop fusion or blocking, the loops may have different iteration spaces and access shared datasets through indirect memory…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2019-06-20 Fabio Luporini , Michael Lange , Christian T. Jacobs , Gerard J. Gorman , J. Ramanujam , Paul H. J. Kelly

Aima. To determine to what extent the problem of forward fitting visibilities measured by the Spectrometer/Telescope Imaging X-rays (STIX) on-board Solar Orbiter is more challenging with respect to the same problem in the case of previous…

As an emerging technology and a relatively affordable device, the 4D imaging radar has already been confirmed effective in performing 3D object detection in autonomous driving. Nevertheless, the sparsity and noisiness of 4D radar point…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Weiyi Xiong , Jianan Liu , Tao Huang , Qing-Long Han , Yuxuan Xia , Bing Zhu

Context. Large spectroscopic surveys open the way to explore our Galaxy. In order to use the data from these surveys to understand the Galactic stellar population, we need to be sure that stars contained in a survey are a representative…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2018-12-26 Alexey Mints , Saskia Hekker

Boltzmann samplers and the recursive method are prominent algorithmic frameworks for the approximate-size and exact-size random generation of large combinatorial structures, such as maps, tilings, RNA sequences or various tree-like…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-10-31 Maciej Bendkowski , Olivier Bodini , Sergey Dovgal

The multi-object spectrograph (MOS) has been the benchmark for the current generation of astronomical spectrographs, valued for its ability to acquire the spectra of hundreds of objects simultaneously. In the last two decades, the digital…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2022-10-03 Shaojie Chen , Matthew C. H. Leung , Xuefeng Yao , Suresh Sivanandam , Isabelle Sanders , Rosalind Liang

Measuring the angular clustering of galaxies as a function of redshift is a powerful method for extracting information from the three-dimensional galaxy distribution. The precision of such measurements will dramatically increase with…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2016-01-27 Franz Elsner , Boris Leistedt , Hiranya V. Peiris

Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) is a powerful technique for imaging surfaces with atomic resolution, providing insight into physical and chemical processes at the level of single atoms and molecules. A regular task of STM image…

This work concerns a detailed review of data analysis methods used for remotely sensed images of large areas of the Earth and of other solid astronomical objects. In detail, it focuses on the problem of inferring the materials that cover…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2025-07-22 Alfredo Gimenez Zapiola , Andrea Boselli , Alessandra Menafoglio , Simone Vantini

A suite of spectroscopic surveys is producing vast sets of stellar spectra with the goal of advancing stellar physics and Galactic evolution by determining their basic physical properties. A substantial fraction of these stars are in binary…

Solar and Stellar Astrophysics · Physics 2024-06-03 Rhys Seeburger , Hans-Walter Rix , Kareem El-Badry , Maosheng Xiang , Morgan Fouesneau

The current archives of LAMOST multi-object spectrograph contain millions of fully reduced spectra, from which the automatic pipelines have produced catalogues of many parameters of individual objects, including their approximate spectral…

Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics · Physics 2017-06-14 Petr Škoda , Andrej Palička , Jakub Koza , Ksenia Shakurova

Object detection on Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) is still a challenging task. The recordings are mostly sparse and contain only small objects. In this work, we propose a simple tiling method that improves the detection capability in the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-09-07 Leon Amadeus Varga , Andreas Zell

Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) lensing is a powerful probe of the matter distribution in the Universe. The standard quadratic estimator, which is typically used to measure the lensing signal, is known to be suboptimal for low-noise…

Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics · Physics 2019-04-26 Benjamin Horowitz , Simone Ferraro , Blake D. Sherwin