Related papers: Modelling oral adrenal cortisol support
This paper analyzes a four-dimensional model of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis that includes the influence of the glucocorticoid receptor in the pituitary. Due to the spatial separation between the hypothalamus, pituitary and…
Biphasic, non-sigmoidal dose-response relationships are frequently observed in biochemistry and pharmacology, but they are not always analyzed with appropriate statistical methods. Here, we examine curve fitting methods for "hormetic"…
Around a third of type 2 diabetes patients (T2D) are escalated to basal insulin injections. Basal insulin dose is titrated to achieve a tight glycemic target without undue hypoglycemic risk. In the standard of care (SoC), titration is based…
While the Artificial Pancreas is effective in regulating the blood glucose in the safe range of 70-180 mg/dl in type 1 diabetic patients, the high intra-patient variability, as well as exogenous meal disturbances, poses a serious challenge.…
Diabetes cases worldwide have risen steadily over the past decades, lending urgency to the search for more efficient, effective, and personalized ways to treat the disease. Current treatment strategies, however, may fail to maintain…
In biomedical applications it is often necessary to estimate a physiological response to a treatment consisting of multiple components, and learn the separate effects of the components in addition to the joint effect. Here, we extend…
We investigate adaptive protocols for the elimination or reduction of the use of medications or addictive substances. We formalize this problem as online optimization, minimizing the cumulative dose subject to constraints on well-being. We…
In this work, we propose a Machine Learning model that generates an adjustable 3D dose distribution for external beam radiation therapy for head-and-neck cancer treatments. In contrast to existing Machine Learning methods that provide a…
The study of a receptor-ligand system generally relies on the analysis of its dose-response (or concentration-effect) curve, which quantifies the relation between ligand concentration and the biological effect (or cellular response) induced…
Dose-finding studies are frequently conducted to evaluate the effect of different doses or concentration levels of a compound on a response of interest. Applications include the investigation of a new medicinal drug, a herbicide or…
Background and objective: Hybrid automated insulin delivery (hAID) systems represent the most advanced therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D). Current systems rely on linear or linearized models of glucose homeostasis, which may compromise…
Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is increasingly recognised as a systemic disease characterised by coordinated dysfunction across metabolic, renal, lipid, and inflammatory pathways. Existing clinical assessments often fail to…
Here, we develop a mathematical model for glucose-insulin regulatory system. The model includes a new parameter which is the amount of ingested glucose. Ingested glucose is an external glucose source coming from digested food. We assume…
Cortical spreading depression (CSD) is a slow-moving ionic and metabolic disturbance that propagates in cortical brain tissue. In addition to massive cellular depolarization, CSD also involves significant changes in perfusion and metabolism…
The subject of analysis is a non-linear three-compartment model, widely used in pharmacological absorption studies. It has been transformed into a general form, thus leading automatically to an appropriate approximation. This made the…
Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) is currently the gold standard in COVID-19 diagnosis. It can, however, take days to provide the diagnosis, and false negative rate is relatively high. Imaging, in particular chest…
Warfarin is a widely used anticoagulant, and has a narrow therapeutic range. Dosing of warfarin should be individualized, since slight overdosing or underdosing can have catastrophic or even fatal consequences. Despite much research on…
The intermittent intake of treatment is commonly seen in patients with chronic disease. For example, patients with atrial fibrillation may need to discontinue the oral anticoagulants when they experience a certain surgery and re-initiate…
In this paper, a mathematical model is proposed to analyze the dynamic behavior of COVID-19. Based on inter-city networked coupling effects, a fractional-order SEIHDR system with the real-data from 23 January to 18 March, 2020 of COVID-19…
Controlled interventions provide the most direct source of information for learning causal effects. In particular, a dose-response curve can be learned by varying the treatment level and observing the corresponding outcomes. However,…