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Various computational challenges arise when applying Bayesian inference approaches to complex hierarchical models. Sampling-based inference methods, such as Markov Chain Monte Carlo strategies, are renowned for providing accurate results…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-03-29 Cristian Chiuchiolo , Janet van Niekerk , Håvard Rue

Bayesian inference tasks continue to pose a computational challenge. This especially holds for spatial-temporal modeling where high-dimensional latent parameter spaces are ubiquitous. The methodology of integrated nested Laplace…

Computation · Statistics 2023-03-28 Lisa Gaedke-Merzhäuser , Elias Krainski , Radim Janalik , Håvard Rue , Olaf Schenk

Bayesian hierarchical models with latent Gaussian layers have proven very flexible in capturing complex stochastic behavior and hierarchical structures in high-dimensional spatial and spatio-temporal data. Whereas simulation-based Bayesian…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-08-10 Thomas Opitz

The integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) for Bayesian inference is an efficient approach to estimate the posterior marginal distributions of the parameters and latent effects of Bayesian hierarchical models that can be expressed…

Computation · Statistics 2019-11-05 Virgilio Gómez-Rubio , Roger S. Bivand , Håvard Rue

Approximate Bayesian inference for the class of latent Gaussian models can be achieved efficiently with integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA). Based on recent reformulations in the INLA methodology, we propose a further extension…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-27 Shourya Dutta , Janet van Niekerk , Haavard Rue

To account for measurement error (ME) in explanatory variables, Bayesian approaches provide a flexible framework, as expert knowledge about unobserved covariates can be incorporated in the prior distributions. However, given the analytic…

Methodology · Statistics 2013-08-19 Stefanie Muff , Andrea Riebler , Havard Rue , Philippe Saner , Leonhard Held

Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation provides a fast and effective method for marginal inference on Bayesian hierarchical models. This methodology has been implemented in the R-INLA package which permits INLA to be used from within R…

Computation · Statistics 2021-06-01 Virgilio Gomez-Rubio , Roger S. Bivand , Håvard Rue

The integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) method has become a popular approach for computationally efficient approximate Bayesian computation. In particular, by leveraging sparsity in random effect precision matrices, INLA is…

Methodology · Statistics 2024-07-02 Finn Lindgren , Fabian Bachl , Janine Illian , Man Ho Suen , Håvard Rue , Andrew E. Seaton

There is a growing demand for performing larger-scale Bayesian inference tasks, arising from greater data availability and higher-dimensional model parameter spaces. In this work we present parallelization strategies for the methodology of…

Computation · Statistics 2022-04-12 Lisa Gaedke-Merzhäuser , Janet van Niekerk , Olaf Schenk , Håvard Rue

Latent Gaussian models (LGMs) are a popular class of Bayesian hierarchical models that include Gaussian processes, as well as certain spatial models and mixed-effect models. Efficient Bayesian inference of LGMs often requires marginalizing…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-21 Jinlin Lai , Charles C. Margossian , Daniel R. Sheldon

In recent years, spatial and spatio-temporal modeling have become an important area of research in many fields (epidemiology, environmental studies, disease mapping). In this work we propose different spatial models to study hospital…

Applications · Statistics 2010-06-21 Erik A. Sauleau , Valentina Mameli , Monica Musio

The Integrated Nested Laplace Approximation (INLA) is a deterministic approach to Bayesian inference on latent Gaussian models (LGMs) and focuses on fast and accurate approximation of posterior marginals for the parameters in the models.…

Computation · Statistics 2021-03-05 Martin Outzen Berild , Sara Martino , Virgilio Gómez-Rubio , Håvard Rue

This is a short description and basic introduction to the Integrated nested Laplace approximations (INLA) approach. INLA is a deterministic paradigm for Bayesian inference in latent Gaussian models (LGMs) introduced in Rue et al. (2009).…

Computation · Statistics 2019-07-03 Sara Martino , Andrea Riebler

Integrated Nested Laplace Approximations (INLA) has been a successful approximate Bayesian inference framework since its proposal by Rue et al. (2009). The increased computational efficiency and accuracy when compared with sampling-based…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-10-02 Janet van Niekerk , Elias Krainski , Denis Rustand , Haavard Rue

The goal of phylodynamics, an area on the intersection of phylogenetics and population genetics, is to reconstruct population size dynamics from genetic data. Recently, a series of nonparametric Bayesian methods have been proposed for such…

Applications · Statistics 2012-10-19 Julia A. Palacios , Vladimir N. Minin

Modeling longitudinal and survival data jointly offers many advantages such as addressing measurement error and missing data in the longitudinal processes, understanding and quantifying the association between the longitudinal markers and…

We investigate two options for performing Bayesian inference on spatial log-Gaussian Cox processes assuming a spatially continuous latent field: Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) and the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA). We…

Computation · Statistics 2012-03-20 Benjamin M. Taylor , Peter J. Diggle

We introduce a new copula-based correction for generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) within the integrated nested Laplace approximation (INLA) approach for approximate Bayesian inference for latent Gaussian models. While INLA is usually…

Computation · Statistics 2015-12-16 Egil Ferkingstad , Håvard Rue

Prediction is a classic challenge in spatial statistics and the inclusion of spatial covariates can greatly improve predictive performance when incorporated into a model with latent spatial effects. It is desirable to develop flexible…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-02-24 Alex Ziyu Jiang , Jon Wakefield

Bayesian inference often relies on Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods, particularly required for non-Gaussian data families. When dealing with complex hierarchical models, the MCMC approach can be computationally demanding in workflows…

Applications · Statistics 2026-03-31 Esmail Abdul Fattah , Elias Krainski , Havard Rue
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