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The concept of autonomy is fundamental for understanding biological organization and the evolutionary transitions of living systems. Understanding how a system constitutes itself as an individual, cohesive, self-organized entity is a…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2019-02-07 Miguel Aguilera , Ezequiel Di Paolo

Biological systems often choose actions without an explicit reward signal, a phenomenon known as intrinsic motivation. The computational principles underlying this behavior remain poorly understood. In this study, we investigate an…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-05 Stas Tiomkin , Ilya Nemenman , Daniel Polani , Naftali Tishby

Variational inference in probabilistic graphical models aims to approximate fundamental quantities such as marginal distributions and the partition function. Popular approaches are the Bethe approximation, tree-reweighted, and other types…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-02-06 Harald Leisenberger , Franz Pernkopf

Associative memory and probabilistic modeling are two fundamental topics in artificial intelligence. The first studies recurrent neural networks designed to denoise, complete and retrieve data, whereas the second studies learning and…

Recent advances in theoretical biology suggest that basal cognition and sentient behaviour are emergent properties of in vitro cell cultures and neuronal networks, respectively. Such neuronal networks spontaneously learn structured…

We present a differentiable formalism for learning free energies that is capable of capturing arbitrarily complex model dependencies on coarse-grained coordinates and finite-temperature response to variation of general system parameters.…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-05-31 Blake R. Duschatko , Xiang Fu , Cameron Owen , Yu Xie , Albert Musaelian , Tommi Jaakkola , Boris Kozinsky

We consider the variational free energy approach for compressed sensing. We first show that the na\"ive mean field approach performs remarkably well when coupled with a noise learning procedure. We also notice that it leads to the same…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2014-10-03 Florent Krzakala , Andre Manoel , Eric W. Tramel , Lenka Zdeborova

The grand potential of a system of interacting electrons is considered as a stationary point of a self-energy functional. It is shown that a rigorous evaluation of the functional is possible for self-energies that are representable within a…

Strongly Correlated Electrons · Physics 2009-11-10 Michael Potthoff

Advances in statistical learning theory have resulted in a multitude of different designs of learning machines. But which ones are implemented by brains and other biological information processors? We analyze how various abstract Bayesian…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2007-05-23 Ilya Nemenman

In the theory of special relativity, energy can be found in two forms: kinetic energy and rest mass. Potential energy of a body is actually stored under the form of rest mass, interaction energy too, temperature is not. Information acquired…

General Physics · Physics 2024-04-17 D. Lairez

We summarize the original formulation of the free energy principle, and highlight some technical issues. We discuss how these issues affect related results involving generalised coordinates and, where appropriate, mention consequences for…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-03-02 Martin Biehl , Felix A. Pollock , Ryota Kanai

Biological systems represent time from microseconds to years. An important gap in our knowledge concerns the mechanisms for encoding time intervals of hundreds of milliseconds to minutes that matter for tasks like navigation, communication,…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-05-22 Raphaël Lafond-Mercier , Leonard Maler , Avner Wallach , André Longtin

This work extends the results of the recently developed theory of a rather complete thermodynamic formalism for discrete-state, continuous-time Markov processes with and without detailed balance. We aim at investigating the question that…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2011-05-30 Moises Santillan , Hong Qian

We postulate a principle stating that the initial condition of a physical system is typically algorithmically independent of the dynamical law. We argue that this links thermodynamics and causal inference. On the one hand, it entails…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2016-11-08 Dominik Janzing , Rafael Chaves , Bernhard Schoelkopf

Physical systems are often simulated using a stochastic computation where different final states result from identical initial states. Here, we derive the minimum energy cost of simulating a complex data set of a general physical system…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-05-30 Karoline Wiesner , Mile Gu , Elisabeth Rieper , Vlatko Vedral

The significance of statistical physics concepts such as entropy extends far beyond classical thermodynamics. We interpret the similarity between partitions in statistical mechanics and partitions in Bayesian inference as an articulation of…

Recent progress in experimental techniques has enabled us to quantitatively study stochastic and flexible behavior of biological systems. For example, gene regulatory networks perform stochastic information processing and their…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-06-21 Shun Otsubo , Takahiro Sagawa

The partition function of a bosonic Riemann gas is given by the Riemann zeta function. We assume that the hamiltonian of this gas at a given temperature $\beta^{-1}$ has a random variable $\omega$ with a given probability distribution over…

Mathematical Physics · Physics 2014-12-23 J. G. Dueñas , N. F. Svaiter

This paper describes a path integral formulation of the free energy principle. The ensuing account expresses the paths or trajectories that a particle takes as it evolves over time. The main results are a method or principle of least action…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2023-09-25 Karl Friston , Lancelot Da Costa , Dalton A. R. Sakthivadivel , Conor Heins , Grigorios A. Pavliotis , Maxwell Ramstead , Thomas Parr

A popular approach to neurosymbolic AI is to take the output of the last layer of a neural network, e.g. a softmax activation, and pass it through a sparse computation graph encoding certain logical constraints one wishes to enforce. This…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Håkan Karlsson Faronius , Pedro Zuidberg Dos Martires