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For classical discrete systems under constant composition, it has been considered that genuine thermodynamic variables such as free energy cannot be generally determined from information about a single or a few selected microscopic states.…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2018-09-05 Koretaka Yuge , Shouno Ohta

Are your perceptions, memories and observational data, a statistical fluctuation out of the thermal equilibrium of the universe, having no correlation with the actual past state of the universe? Arguments are given in the literature for and…

History and Philosophy of Physics · Physics 2026-01-26 David Wolpert , Carlo Rovelli , Jordan Scharnhorst

According to E.T. Jaynes and E.P. Wigner, entropy is an anthropomorphic concept in the sense that in a physical system correspond many thermodynamic systems. The physical system can be examined from many points of view each time examining…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-12-03 Panteleimon Rodis

This paper develops a variational inference framework for control of infinite dimensional stochastic systems. We employ a measure theoretic approach which relies on the generalization of Girsanov's theorem, as well as the relation between…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2018-09-11 George I. Boutselis , Marcus Pereira , Evangelos A. Theodorou

Wave-particle duality, intertwining two inherently contradictory properties of quantum systems, remains one of the most conceptually profound aspects of quantum mechanics. By using the concept of energy capacity, the ability of a quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-06-11 Yan-Han Yang , Xin-Zhu Liu , Jun-Li Jiang , Hu Chen , Xue Yang , Xiao-Feng Qian , Shao-Ming Fei , Ming-Xing Luo

Free energy principle (FEP) is a burgeoning theory in theoretical neuroscience that provides a universal law for modelling living systems of any scale. Expecting a digital twin mind from this first principle, we propose a macro-level…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2025-06-10 Lingyu Li , Chunbo Li

Interacting many-body physical systems ranging from neural networks in the brain to folding proteins to self-modifying electrical circuits can learn to perform diverse tasks. This learning, both in nature and in engineered systems, can…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2024-02-22 Menachem Stern , Andrea J. Liu , Vijay Balasubramanian

Biological systems reach organizational complexity that far exceeds the complexity of any known inanimate objects. Biological entities undoubtedly obey the laws of quantum physics and statistical mechanics. However, is modern physics…

Other Quantitative Biology · Quantitative Biology 2018-02-26 Mikhail I. Katsnelson , Yuri I. Wolf , Eugene V. Koonin

The recent Letter by Wissner-Gross and Freer [1] proposes a relationship between intelligence and entropy maximization based on a causal generalization of entropic forces over configuration space paths, which may beautifully induce…

Disordered Systems and Neural Networks · Physics 2013-08-21 E. Canessa

We present a contribution to the field of system identification of partial differential equations (PDEs), with emphasis on discerning between competing mathematical models of pattern-forming physics. The motivation comes from developmental…

Computational Physics · Physics 2024-03-28 Zhenlin Wang , Xun Huan , Krishna Garikipati

Accurate free-energy calculations are essential for predicting thermodynamic properties and phase stability, but existing methods are limited: phonon-based approaches neglect anharmonicity and liquids, while molecular dynamics (MD) is…

Materials Science · Physics 2025-11-19 Ekaterina Spirande , Timofei Miryashkin , Andrei Kolmakov , Alexander Shapeev

We extend our earlier work on the compositional structure of cybernetic systems in order to account for the embodiment of such systems. All their interactions proceed through their bodies' boundaries: sensations impinge on their surfaces,…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2022-11-04 Toby St Clere Smithe

The interacting quantum Bose gas is a random ensemble of many Brownian bridges (cycles) of various lengths with interactions between any pair of legs of the cycles. It is one of the standard mathematical models in which a proof for the…

Probability · Mathematics 2022-01-14 Orphée Collin , Benedikt Jahnel , Wolfgang König

In this paper we will articulate a view of resilience under the free energy principle and vice versa. The free energy principle is about existence and identity, and resilience is the condition under which things exist at all. In previous…

Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems · Physics 2025-06-10 Mahault Albarracin , Dalton A R Sakthivadivel

We introduce the Free Energy Manifold (FEM), a score-trained conditional energy model specialized for inference in hybrid Bayesian networks with discrete and continuous variables. FEM represents each conditional factor as an energy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Cheol Young Park , Shou Matsumoto

Animal brains exhibit remarkable efficiency in perception and action, while being robust to both external and internal perturbations. The means by which brains accomplish this remains, for now, poorly understood, hindering our understanding…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2026-03-11 André Urbano , Pablo Lanillos , Sander Keemink

Introduction: In contrast to current AI technology, natural intelligence -- the kind of autonomous intelligence that is realized in the brains of animals and humans to attain in their natural environment goals defined by a repertoire of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Christoph von der Malsburg , Thilo Stadelmann , Benjamin F. Grewe

This study extends the mathematical model of emotion dimensions that we previously proposed (Yanagisawa, et al. 2019, Front Comput Neurosci) to consider perceived complexity as well as novelty, as a source of arousal potential. Berlyne's…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-11-23 Hideyoshi Yanagisawa

When viewed at a certain coarse grain, the brain seems a relatively small dynamical system composed by a few dozen interacting areas, performing a number of stereotypical behaviors. It is known that, even relatively small dynamical systems…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2015-06-26 Dante R. Chialvo

Virtually every organism gathers information about its noisy environment and builds models from that data, mostly using neural networks. Here, we use stochastic thermodynamics to analyse the learning of a classification rule by a neural…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2017-01-31 Sebastian Goldt , Udo Seifert
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