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We show that a discrete harmonic function which is bounded on a large portion of a periodic planar graph is constant. A key ingredient is a new unique continuation result for the weighted graph Laplacian. The proof relies on the structure…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2025-09-11 Ahmed Bou-Rabee , William Cooperman , Shirshendu Ganguly

Godsil observed the simple fact that the multiplicity of 0 as a root of the matching polynomial of a graph coincides with the classical notion of deficiency. From this fact he asked to what extent classical results in matching theory…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2008-07-01 Cheng Yeaw Ku , William Chen

Proper continued fractions are generalized continued fractions with positive integer numerators $a_i$ and integer denominators with $b_i\geq a_i$. In this paper we study the strength of approximation of irrational numbers to their…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2024-12-09 Niels Langeveld , David Ralston

We develop a theory of $p$-adic continued fractions for a quaternion algebra $B$ over $\mathbb Q$ ramified at a rational prime $p$. Many properties holding in the commutative case can be proven also in this setting. In particular, we focus…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2022-08-09 Laura Capuano , Marzio Mula , Lea Terracini

We prove a rank-one theorem \`a la G. Alberti for the derivatives of vector-valued maps with bounded variation in a class of Carnot groups that includes Heisenberg groups $\mathbb H^n$ for $n\geq 2$. The main tools are properties relating…

Analysis of PDEs · Mathematics 2017-12-25 Sebastiano Don , Annalisa Massaccesi , Davide Vittone

Various results ensure the existence of large complete bipartite graphs in properly colored graphs when some condition related to a topological lower bound on the chromatic number is satisfied. We generalize three theorems of this kind,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-04-04 Meysam Alishahi , Hossein Hajiabolhassan , Frédéric Meunier

The beautiful Beraha-Kahane-Weiss theorem has found many applications within graph theory, allowing for the determination of the limits of root of graph polynomials in settings as vast as chromatic polynomials, network reliability, and…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-08-06 Jason Brown , Peter T. Otto

A theorem of Cohn and Lempel [J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 13 (1972), 83-89] gives an equality relating the number of circuits in a directed circuit partition of a 2-in, 2-out digraph to the GF(2)-nullity of an associated matrix. This equality…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-12-31 Lorenzo Traldi

It is well known that the coefficients of the matching polynomial are unimodal. Unimodality of the coefficients (or their absolute values) of other graph polynomials have been studied as well. One way to prove unimodality is to prove…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2022-10-19 Johann A. Makowsky , Vsevolod Rakita

We define an infinite sequence of generalizations, parametrized by an integer $m \ge 1$, of the Stieltjes--Rogers and Thron--Rogers polynomials; they arise as the power-series expansions of some branched continued fractions, and as the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-05-28 Mathias Pétréolle , Alan D. Sokal , Bao-Xuan Zhu

The graph polynomial for the number of independent sets of size $k$ in a general undirected graph is shown to be equal to an elementary symmetric polynomial of the vertex monomials, which are determined by the edges incident at the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-12-12 R. L. Streit

We introduce a class of graphs called compound graphs, generalizing rectangles, which are constructed out of copies of a planar bipartite base graph. The main result is that the number of perfect matchings of every compound graph is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2016-07-27 Forest Tong

In this paper, we study the graph polynomial that counts spanning rooted forests f_g of a given graph. This polynomial has a remarkable reciprocity property. We give a new bijective proof for this theorem which has Prufer coding as a…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2009-09-15 ShinnYih Huang

We prove a generalization of Gotzmann's persistence theorem in the case of modules with constant Hilbert polynomial. As a consequence, we show that the defining equations that give the embedding of a Quot scheme of points into a…

Commutative Algebra · Mathematics 2017-11-07 Gustav Sædén Ståhl

I analyze an unexpected connection between multiple orthogonal polynomials, $d$-orthogonal polynomials, production matrices and branched continued fractions. This work can be viewed as a partial extension of Viennot's combinatorial theory…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2024-07-09 Alan D. Sokal

Recently, M.\ Ab\'ert and T.\ Hubai studied the following problem. The chromatic measure of a finite simple graph is defined to be the uniform distribution on its chromatic roots. Ab\'ert and Hubai proved that for a Benjamini-Schramm…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2015-12-10 Péter Csikvári , Péter E. Frenkel

Fundamental to the theory of continued fractions is the fact that every infinite continued fraction with positive integer coefficients converges; however, it is unknown precisely which continued fractions with integer coefficients (not…

Number Theory · Mathematics 2021-02-23 Ian Short , Margaret Stanier

A general novel approach mapping discrete, combinatorial, graph-theoretic problems onto ``physical'' models - namely $n$ simplexes in $n-1$ dimensions - is applied to the graph equivalence problem. It is shown to solve this long standing…

Statistical Mechanics · Physics 2007-05-23 Vladimir Gudkov , Shmuel Nussinov

In extending results from Lie to Leibniz algebras, it is helpful to have techniques which translate results from the former to the latter without having to repeat the (perhaps modified) arguments. Such a technique is developed in this work,…

Rings and Algebras · Mathematics 2015-12-18 Allison McAlister , Ernie Stitzinger , Ashley White

Working in any model theoretic structure, we single out a class of definable bipartite graphs that admit definable, close to perfect matchings. We use this result to prove a strengthening of Tarski's theorem for the definable setting.

Logic · Mathematics 2025-07-14 Jana Maříková