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The cornerstone of multilingual neural translation is shared representations across languages. Given the theoretically infinite representation power of neural networks, semantically identical sentences are likely represented differently.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-21 Danni Liu , Jan Niehues

Pre-training has proven to be effective in unsupervised machine translation due to its ability to model deep context information in cross-lingual scenarios. However, the cross-lingual information obtained from shared BPE spaces is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-09-04 Shuo Ren , Yu Wu , Shujie Liu , Ming Zhou , Shuai Ma

Machine Translation (MT) is widely employed to address resource scarcity in low-resource languages by generating synthetic data from high-resource counterparts. While sentiment preservation in translation has long been studied, a critical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-30 Mohsinul Kabir , Tasnim Ahmed , Md Mezbaur Rahman , Polydoros Giannouris , Sophia Ananiadou

Multilingual language models achieve impressive zero-shot accuracies in many languages in complex tasks such as Natural Language Inference (NLI). Examples in NLI (and equivalent complex tasks) often pertain to various types of sub-tasks,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-07 Karthikeyan K , Aalok Sathe , Somak Aditya , Monojit Choudhury

While large language models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable success in multilingual translation, their internal core translation mechanisms, even at the fundamental word level, remain insufficiently understood. To address this critical gap,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-16 Hongbin Zhang , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Xiucheng Li , Yang Xiang , Min Zhang

The recently proposed massively multilingual neural machine translation (NMT) system has been shown to be capable of translating over 100 languages to and from English within a single model. Its improved translation performance on low…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-11-13 Aditya Siddhant , Melvin Johnson , Henry Tsai , Naveen Arivazhagan , Jason Riesa , Ankur Bapna , Orhan Firat , Karthik Raman

Recent work in multilingual machine translation (MMT) has focused on the potential of positive transfer between languages, particularly cases where higher-resourced languages can benefit lower-resourced ones. While training an MMT model,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-18 Simeng Sun , Angela Fan , James Cross , Vishrav Chaudhary , Chau Tran , Philipp Koehn , Francisco Guzman

Modular deep learning has been proposed for the efficient adaption of pre-trained models to new tasks, domains and languages. In particular, combining language adapters with task adapters has shown potential where no supervised data exists…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Jenny Kunz , Oskar Holmström

Large language models (LLMs) have exerted a considerable impact on diverse language-related tasks in recent years. Their demonstrated state-of-the-art performance is achieved through methodologies such as zero-shot or few-shot prompting.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-21 Arshad Kaji , Manan Shah

Crosslingual transfer is crucial to contemporary language models' multilingual capabilities, but how it occurs is not well understood. We ask what happens to a monolingual language model when it begins to be trained on a second language.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Catherine Arnett , Tyler A. Chang , James A. Michaelov , Benjamin K. Bergen

This paper illustrates our approach to the shared task on large-scale multilingual machine translation in the sixth conference on machine translation (WMT-21). This work aims to build a single multilingual translation system with a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-21 Baohao Liao , Shahram Khadivi , Sanjika Hewavitharana

Multilingual pre-trained language models transfer remarkably well on cross-lingual downstream tasks. However, the extent to which they learn language-neutral representations (i.e., shared representations that encode similar phenomena across…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Negar Foroutan , Mohammadreza Banaei , Remi Lebret , Antoine Bosselut , Karl Aberer

While recent advances in deep learning led to significant improvements in machine translation, neural machine translation is often still not able to continuously adapt to the environment. For humans, as well as for machine translation,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Jan Niehues

Many data sets (e.g., reviews, forums, news, etc.) exist parallelly in multiple languages. They all cover the same content, but the linguistic differences make it impossible to use traditional, bag-of-word-based topic models. Models have to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-02-05 Federico Bianchi , Silvia Terragni , Dirk Hovy , Debora Nozza , Elisabetta Fersini

The multilingual neural machine translation (NMT) model has a promising capability of zero-shot translation, where it could directly translate between language pairs unseen during training. For good transfer performance from supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-05-15 Pengzhi Gao , Liwen Zhang , Zhongjun He , Hua Wu , Haifeng Wang

The capacity and effectiveness of pre-trained multilingual models (MLMs) for zero-shot cross-lingual transfer is well established. However, phenomena of positive or negative transfer, and the effect of language choice still need to be fully…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-01 Fahim Faisal , Antonios Anastasopoulos

Multilingual pretrained language models have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot cross-lingual transfer capabilities. Such transfer emerges by fine-tuning on a task of interest in one language and evaluating on a distinct language, not seen…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-28 Benjamin Muller , Yanai Elazar , Benoît Sagot , Djamé Seddah

Generating natural language requires conveying content in an appropriate style. We explore two related tasks on generating text of varying formality: monolingual formality transfer and formality-sensitive machine translation. We propose to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-06-13 Xing Niu , Sudha Rao , Marine Carpuat

Automatic sign language processing is gaining popularity in Natural Language Processing (NLP) research (Yin et al., 2021). In machine translation (MT) in particular, sign language translation based on glosses is a prominent approach. In…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-11-29 Mathias Müller , Zifan Jiang , Amit Moryossef , Annette Rios , Sarah Ebling

Our book "The Reality of Multi-Lingual Machine Translation" discusses the benefits and perils of using more than two languages in machine translation systems. While focused on the particular task of sequence-to-sequence processing and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-02-28 Tom Kocmi , Dominik Macháček , Ondřej Bojar