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Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a mechanical profiling technique that allows to image surfaces with atomic resolution. Recent progress in reducing the noise of this technique has led to a resolution level where previously undetectable…
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) allows to reconstruct the topography of surface with a resolution in the nanometer range. The exceptional resolution attainable with the AFM makes this instrument a key tool in nanoscience and technology. The…
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is one of the most promising methods for investigating the structure of materials at the micro and nanoscale levels, as well as their local physical-mechanical properties. The experimental data obtained with…
Pseudo-heterodyne scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy (sSNOM) is applied in the mid-infrared region to detect the chemical composition of biomolecules on the nanoscale. However, the application of sSNOM in molecular…
Scattering scanning near-field optical microscopy (s-SNOM) is a technique to enhance the spatial resolution, and when combined by Fourier transform spectroscopy it can provide spectroscopic information with high spatial resolution. This…
Atom probe tomography (APT) helps elucidate the link between the nanoscale chemical variations and physical properties, but it has limited structural resolution. Field ion microscopy (FIM), a predecessor technique to APT, is capable of…
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) with molecule-functionalized tips has emerged as the primary experimental technique for probing the atomic structure of organic molecules on surfaces. Most experiments have been limited to nearly planar…
Nanoscale fabrication and characterisation techniques critically underpin a vast range of fields, including materials science, nanoelectronics and nanobiotechnology. Focused ion beam (FIB) techniques are particularly appealing due to their…
The ongoing development of single electron, nano and atomic scale semiconductor devices would benefit greatly from a characterization tool capable of detecting single electron charging events with high spatial resolution, at low…
Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) allows to probe matter at atomic scale by measuring the perturbation of a nanomechanical oscillator induced by near-field interaction forces. The quest to improve sensitivity and resolution of AFM has forced…
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been constantly supporting nanosciences and nanotechnologies for over 30 years, being present in many fields from condensed matter physics to biology. It enables measuring very weak forces at the nanoscale,…
We propose a new method to investigate interactions involved in atomic force microscopy (AFM). It is a dynamical method relying on the growth of oscillations via parametric resonance. With this method the second and third derivatives of the…
We report a systematic study to determine local elastic properties of surfaces combining atomic force microscope (AFM) with acoustic waves which is known as atomic force acoustic microscopy - AFAM. We describe the methodology of AFAM in…
Atomic Force Microscopy - Infrared (AFM-IR) has emerged as a useful technique for measuring absorption spectra with spatial resolution better than the optical diffraction limit. The technique relies on the movement of a probe for atomic…
Atomic-scale characteristics of surfaces dictate the principles governing numerous scientific phenomena ranging from catalysis to friction. Despite this fact, our ability to visualize and alter surfaces on the atomic scale is severely…
Knowledge of surface forces is the key to understanding a large number of processes in fields ranging from physics to material science and biology. The most common method to study surfaces is dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM). Dynamic…
An atomic force microscope (AFM) is capable of producing ultra-high resolution measurements of nanoscopic objects and forces. It is an indispensable tool for various scientific disciplines such as molecular engineering, solid-state physics,…
This article reviews the progress of atomic force microscopy (AFM) in ultra-high vacuum, starting with its invention and covering most of the recent developments. Today, dynamic force microscopy allows to image surfaces of conductors…
In this work, we report the integration of an atomic force microscope (AFM) into a helium ion microscope (HIM). The HIM is a powerful instrument, capable of sub-nanometer resolution imaging and machining of nanoscale structures, while the…
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is widely used to measure surface topography of solid, soft, and living matter at the nanoscale. Moreover, by mapping forces as a function of distance to the surface, AFM can provide a wealth of information…