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Robust unsupervised anomaly detection (AD) in real-world scenarios is an important task. Current methods exhibit severe performance degradation on the MVTec AD 2 benchmark due to its complex real-world challenges. To solve this problem, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xurui Li , Zhonesheng Jiang , Tingxuan Ai , Yu Zhou

Segmentation for tracking surgical instruments plays an important role in robot-assisted surgery. Segmentation of surgical instruments contributes to capturing accurate spatial information for tracking. In this paper, a novel network,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-09-20 Zhen-Liang Ni , Gui-Bin Bian , Xiao-Liang Xie , Zeng-Guang Hou , Xiao-Hu Zhou , Yan-Jie Zhou

One-shot medical image segmentation (MIS) is crucial for medical analysis due to the burden of medical experts on manual annotation. The recent emergence of the segment anything model (SAM) has demonstrated remarkable adaptation in MIS but…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-30 Jia Wang , Yunan Mei , Jiarui Liu , Xin Fan

Unsupervised video-based surgical instrument segmentation has the potential to accelerate the adoption of robot-assisted procedures by reducing the reliance on manual annotations. However, the generally low quality of optical flow in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Yang Liu , Peiran Wu , Jiayu Huo , Gongyu Zhang , Zhen Yuan , Christos Bergeles , Rachel Sparks , Prokar Dasgupta , Alejandro Granados , Sebastien Ourselin

Medical image segmentation has advanced rapidly over the past two decades, largely driven by deep learning, which has enabled accurate and efficient delineation of cells, tissues, organs, and pathologies across diverse imaging modalities.…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-29 Guoping Xu , Jayaram K. Udupa , Jax Luo , Songlin Zhao , Yajun Yu , Scott B. Raymond , Hao Peng , Lipeng Ning , Yogesh Rathi , Wei Liu , You Zhang

Performance measures are an important tool for assessing and comparing different medical image segmentation algorithms. Unfortunately, the current measures have their weaknesses when it comes to assessing certain edge cases. These…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-26 Dennis Hartmann , Verena Schmid , Philip Meyer , Iñaki Soto-Rey , Dominik Müller , Frank Kramer

Surgical tool segmentation in endoscopic images is the first step towards pose estimation and (sub-)task automation in challenging minimally invasive surgical operations. While many approaches in the literature have shown great results…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-02-14 Cristian da Costa Rocha , Nicolas Padoy , Benoit Rosa

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a central modality for stroke imaging. It is used upon patient admission to make treatment decisions such as selecting patients for intravenous thrombolysis or endovascular therapy. MRI is later used in…

Medical imaging is essential in healthcare to provide key insights into patient anatomy and pathology, aiding in diagnosis and treatment. Non-invasive techniques such as X-ray, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Computed Tomography (CT), and…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-04 Fnu Neha , Deepshikha Bhati , Deepak Kumar Shukla , Sonavi Makarand Dalvi , Nikolaos Mantzou , Safa Shubbar

In mainstream computer vision and machine learning, public datasets such as ImageNet, COCO and KITTI have helped drive enormous improvements by enabling researchers to understand the strengths and limitations of different algorithms via…

Medical imaging is a cornerstone of modern healthcare, driving advancements in diagnosis, treatment planning, and patient care. Among its various tasks, segmentation remains one of the most challenging problem due to factors such as data…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-15 Fares Bougourzi , Abdenour Hadid

The reliability of Deep Learning systems depends on their accuracy but also on their robustness against adversarial perturbations to the input data. Several attacks and defenses have been proposed to improve the performance of Deep Neural…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-12 Laura Daza , Juan C. Pérez , Pablo Arbeláez

Recorded videos from surgeries have become an increasingly important information source for the field of medical endoscopy, since the recorded footage shows every single detail of the surgery. However, while video recording is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-01 Sabrina Kletz , Klaus Schoeffmann , Jenny Benois-Pineau , Heinrich Husslein

Consistent surgical instrument segmentation is critical for automation in robot-assisted surgery. Yet, existing methods only treat instrument-level instance segmentation (IIS) or part-level semantic segmentation (PSS) separately, without…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Meng Wei , Charlie Budd , Oluwatosin Alabi , Miaojing Shi , Tom Vercauteren

The task of medical image segmentation presents unique challenges, necessitating both localized and holistic semantic understanding to accurately delineate areas of interest, such as critical tissues or aberrant features. This complexity is…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-22 Pranav Singh , Luoyao Chen , Mei Chen , Jinqian Pan , Raviteja Chukkapalli , Shravan Chaudhari , Jacopo Cirrone

Interactive segmentation is a promising strategy for building robust, generalisable algorithms for volumetric medical image segmentation. However, inconsistent and clinically unrealistic evaluation hinders fair comparison and misrepresents…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Parhom Esmaeili , Virginia Fernandez , Pedro Borges , Eli Gibson , Sebastien Ourselin , M. Jorge Cardoso

Minimally Invasive Surgeries (MIS) are challenging for surgeons due to the limited field of view and constrained range of motion imposed by narrow access ports. These challenges can be addressed by robot-assisted endoscope systems which…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jacinto Colan , Ana Davila , Yasuhisa Hasegawa

Medical image segmentation continues to advance rapidly, yet rigorous comparison between methods remains challenging due to a lack of standardized and customizable tooling. In this work, we present the current state of the Medical Imaging…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Adrian Celaya , Tucker Netherton , Dawid Schellingerhout , Caroline Chung , Beatrice Riviere , David Fuentes

Promptable segmentation foundation models have emerged as a transformative approach to addressing the diverse needs in medical images, but most existing models require expensive computing, posing a big barrier to their adoption in clinical…