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Medical image segmentation models built on Segment Anything Model (SAM) achieve strong performance on clean benchmarks, yet their reliability often degrades under realistic image corruptions such as noise, blur, motion artifacts, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Jieru Li , Matthew Chen , Micky C. Nnamdi , J. Ben Tamo , Benoit L. Marteau , May D. Wang

Medical image segmentation remains challenging due to the vast diversity of anatomical structures, imaging modalities, and segmentation tasks. While deep learning has made significant advances, current approaches struggle to generalize as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Yunhe Gao , Di Liu , Zhuowei Li , Yunsheng Li , Dongdong Chen , Mu Zhou , Dimitris N. Metaxas

Robot-assisted surgery has made significant progress, with instrument segmentation being a critical factor in surgical intervention quality. It serves as the building block to facilitate surgical robot navigation and surgical education for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Hongqiu Wang , Lei Zhu , Guang Yang , Yike Guo , Shichen Zhang , Bo Xu , Yueming Jin

Localisation of surgical tools constitutes a foundational building block for computer-assisted interventional technologies. Works in this field typically focus on training deep learning models to perform segmentation tasks. Performance of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Zhe Han , Charlie Budd , Gongyu Zhang , Huanyu Tian , Christos Bergeles , Tom Vercauteren

Automatic surgical instrument segmentation of endoscopic images is a crucial building block of many computer-assistance applications for minimally invasive surgery. So far, state-of-the-art approaches completely rely on the availability of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-02-17 Luca Sestini , Benoit Rosa , Elena De Momi , Giancarlo Ferrigno , Nicolas Padoy

Segmentation is a crucial task in the medical imaging field and is often an important primary step or even a prerequisite to the analysis of medical volumes. Yet treatments such as surgery complicate the accurate delineation of regions of…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-13 Heejong Kim , Leo Milecki , Mina C Moghadam , Fengbei Liu , Minh Nguyen , Eric Qiu , Abhishek Thanki , Mert R Sabuncu

Acute stroke lesion segmentation tasks are of great clinical interest as they can help doctors make better informed treatment decisions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is time demanding but can provide images that are considered gold…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-25 Albert Clèrigues , Sergi Valverde , Jose Bernal , Jordi Freixenet , Arnau Oliver , Xavier Lladó

Reliable visual understanding in robot-assisted and minimally invasive surgery (RMIS/MIS) demands more than accurate masks: in clinical practice, clinicians pose language-like questions about procedural context, visibility, artefacts, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-25 Chengyi Zhang , Zi Ye , Ziyang Wang

Despite the recent success of deep learning methods at achieving new state-of-the-art accuracy for medical image segmentation, some major limitations are still restricting their deployment into clinics. One major limitation of deep…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-30 Lucas Fidon

Medical image segmentation is an increasingly popular area of research in medical imaging processing and analysis. However, many researchers who are new to the field struggle with basic concepts. This tutorial paper aims to provide an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-04-13 Diedre Carmo , Gustavo Pinheiro , Lívia Rodrigues , Thays Abreu , Roberto Lotufo , Letícia Rittner

Surgical image segmentation is essential for robot-assisted surgery and intraoperative guidance. However, existing methods are constrained to predefined categories, produce one-shot predictions without adaptive refinement, and lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Ange Lou , Yamin Li , Qi Chang , Nan Xi , Luyuan Xie , Zichao Li , Tianyu Luan

Interactive image segmentation aims at segmenting a target region through a way of human-computer interaction. Recent works based on deep learning have achieved excellent performance, while most of them focus on improving the accuracy of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Yuying Hao , Yi Liu , Juncai Peng , Haoyi Xiong , Guowei Chen , Shiyu Tang , Zeyu Chen , Baohua Lai

The Segment Anything Model (SAM) can achieve satisfactory segmentation performance under high-quality box prompts. However, SAM's robustness is compromised by the decline in box quality, limiting its practicality in clinical reality. In…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-01 Yuhao Huang , Xin Yang , Han Zhou , Yan Cao , Haoran Dou , Fajin Dong , Dong Ni

Flexible robots hold great promise for enhancing minimally invasive surgery (MIS) by providing superior dexterity, precise control, and safe tissue interaction. Yet, translating these advantages into endoscopic interventions within open…

Image-based tracking of medical instruments is an integral part of surgical data science applications. Previous research has addressed the tasks of detecting, segmenting and tracking medical instruments based on laparoscopic video data.…

Accurate and real-time surgical instrument segmentation is important in the endoscopic vision of robot-assisted surgery, and significant challenges are posed by frequent instrument-tissue contacts and continuous change of observation…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-08-12 Fangbo Qin , Shan Lin , Yangming Li , Randall A. Bly , Kris S. Moe , Blake Hannaford

Precise delineation of meningiomas is crucial for effective radiotherapy (RT) planning, directly influencing treatment efficacy and preservation of adjacent healthy tissues. While automated deep learning approaches have demonstrated…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Junhyeok Lee , Han Jang , Kyu Sung Choi

Deep learning has enabled great strides in abdominal multi-organ segmentation, even surpassing junior oncologists on common cases or organs. However, robustness on corner cases and complex organs remains a challenging open problem for…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-21 Xiangde Luo , Zihan Li , Shaoting Zhang , Wenjun Liao , Guotai Wang

Accurate segmentation of surgical instrument tip is an important task for enabling downstream applications in robotic surgery, such as surgical skill assessment, tool-tissue interaction and deformation modeling, as well as surgical…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Jiaqi Liu , Yonghao Long , Kai Chen , Cheuk Hei Leung , Zerui Wang , Qi Dou