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In this paper, firstly we propose two new concepts concerning the notion of key escrow encryption schemes: provable partiality and independency. Roughly speaking we say that a scheme has provable partiality if existing polynomial time…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2007-05-23 Kooshiar Azimian , Javad Mohajeri , Mahmoud Salmasizadeh , Siamak Fayyaz

We consider a general class of empirical-type likelihoods and develop higher order asymptotics with a view to characterizing members thereof that allow the existence of possibly data-dependent probability matching priors ensuring…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2008-12-18 Rahul Mukerjee

Recent advances in probabilistic modelling have led to a large number of simulation-based inference algorithms which do not require numerical evaluation of likelihoods. However, a public benchmark with appropriate performance metrics for…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-04-12 Jan-Matthis Lueckmann , Jan Boelts , David S. Greenberg , Pedro J. Gonçalves , Jakob H. Macke

Modern statisticians are often presented with hundreds or thousands of hypothesis testing problems to evaluate at the same time, generated from new scientific technologies such as microarrays, medical and satellite imaging devices, or flow…

Applications · Statistics 2008-12-18 Bradley Efron

E-variables are tools for retaining type-I error guarantee with optional stopping. We extend E-variables for sequential two-sample tests to general null hypotheses and anytime-valid confidence sequences. We provide implementations for…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-06-27 Rosanne Turner , Peter Grünwald

The paper introduces a generalization for known probabilistic models such as log-linear and graphical models, called here multiplicative models. These models, that express probabilities via product of parameters are shown to capture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2012-06-18 Ydo Wexler , Christopher Meek

Bayesian Deep Ensembles (BDEs) represent a powerful approach for uncertainty quantification in deep learning, combining the robustness of Deep Ensembles (DEs) with flexible multi-chain MCMC. While DEs are affordable in most deep learning…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Emanuel Sommer , Rickmer Schulte , Sarah Deubner , Julius Kobialka , David Rügamer

For a continuous random variable $Z$, testing conditional independence $X \perp\!\!\!\perp Y |Z$ is known to be a particularly hard problem. It constitutes a key ingredient of many constraint-based causal discovery algorithms. These…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2021-12-21 Philip A. Boeken , Joris M. Mooij

This paper introduces an innovative method for conducting conditional independence testing in high-dimensional data, facilitating the automated discovery of significant associations within distinct subgroups of a population, all while…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-19 Matteo Sesia , Tianshu Sun

This study empirically examines the "Evaluative AI" framework, which aims to enhance the decision-making process for AI users by transitioning from a recommendation-based approach to a hypothesis-driven one. Rather than offering direct…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-11-14 Jaroslaw Kornowicz

We are concerned with a situation in which we would like to test multiple hypotheses with tests whose p-values cannot be computed explicitly but can be approximated using Monte Carlo simulation. This scenario occurs widely in practice. We…

Methodology · Statistics 2018-10-17 Axel Gandy , Georg Hahn

Increased availability of data and accessibility of computational tools in recent years have created unprecedented opportunities for scientific research driven by statistical analysis. Inherent limitations of statistics impose constrains on…

Genomics · Quantitative Biology 2016-09-13 Olga A. Vsevolozhskaya , Gabriel Ruiz , Dmitri V. Zaykin

Testing for conditional independence is a core aspect of constraint-based causal discovery. Although commonly used tests are perfect in theory, they often fail to reject independence in practice, especially when conditioning on multiple…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-03-13 Alexander Marx , Jilles Vreeken

We analyze different types of simulations that applied researchers can use to assess whether their inference methods reliably control false-positive rates. We show that different assessments involve trade-offs, varying in the types of…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-03 Bruno Ferman

We introduce a simple tool to control for false discoveries and identify individual signals in scenarios involving many tests, dependent test statistics, and potentially sparse signals. The tool applies the Cauchy combination test…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-06-02 Nabil Bouamara , Sébastien Laurent , Shuping Shi

This paper deals with off-line detection of change points for time series of independent observations, when the number of change points is unknown. We propose a sequential analysis like method with linear time and memory complexity. Our…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2015-03-13 Pierre R Bertrand , Mehdi Fhima

As causal ground truth is incredibly rare, causal discovery algorithms are commonly only evaluated on simulated data. This is concerning, given that simulations reflect preconceptions about generating processes regarding noise…

In this paper, we have established a general framework of multistage hypothesis tests which applies to arbitrarily many mutually exclusive and exhaustive composite hypotheses. Within the new framework, we have constructed specific…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2013-11-05 Xinjia Chen

A common assumption in causal inference from observational data is that there is no hidden confounding. Yet it is, in general, impossible to verify this assumption from a single dataset. Under the assumption of independent causal mechanisms…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-11-07 Rickard K. A. Karlsson , Jesse H. Krijthe

We propose a general framework for constructing powerful, sequential hypothesis tests for a large class of nonparametric testing problems. The null hypothesis for these problems is defined in an abstract form using the action of two known…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2023-10-31 Teodora Pandeva , Patrick Forré , Aaditya Ramdas , Shubhanshu Shekhar