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We study the complexity of computing majority as a composition of local functions: \[ \text{Maj}_n = h(g_1,\ldots,g_m), \] where each $g_j :\{0,1\}^{n} \to \{0,1\}$ is an arbitrary function that queries only $k \ll n$ variables and $h :…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2022-05-18 Victor Lecomte , Prasanna Ramakrishnan , Li-Yang Tan

We consider restricted games on weighted graphs associated with minimum partitions. We replace in the classical definition of Myerson restricted game the connected components of any subgraph by the subcomponents corresponding to a minimum…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Alexandre Skoda

We present a quantitative theory, based on crowd effects, for the market volatility in a Minority Game played by a mixed population. Below a critical concentration of generalized strategy players, we find that the volatility in the crowded…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2009-10-31 P. Jefferies , M. Hart , N. F. Johnson , P. M. Hui

In this paper we show that, given $k\geq 3$, there exist $k$-player quantum XOR games for which the entangled bias can be arbitrarily larger than the bias of the game when the players are restricted to separable strategies. In particular,…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-24 Marius Junge , Carlos Palazuelos

This article is concerned with the study of Mather's \beta-function associated to Birkhoff billiards. This function corresponds to the minimal average action of orbits with a prescribed rotation number and, from a different perspective, it…

Dynamical Systems · Mathematics 2013-09-05 Alfonso Sorrentino

We develop a probabilistic framework to approximate Nash equilibria in symmetric $N$-player games in the large population regime, via the analysis of associated mean field games (MFGs). The approximation is achieved through the analysis of…

Probability · Mathematics 2026-04-27 Ludovic Tangpi , Nizar Touzi

The Schmidt number is of crucial importance in characterizing the bipartite pure states. We explore and propose here a generalization of Schmidt number for states in multipartite systems. It is shown to be entanglement monotonic and valid…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-05-12 Yu Guo , Heng Fan

We combine the parametric Barvinok algorithm with a generation algorithm for a finite list of suitably chosen discrete sub-cases on the enumeration of complete simple games, i.e. a special subclass of monotone Boolean functions. Recently,…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2010-01-19 Sascha Kurz , Nikolas Tautenhahn

We give a proof of the multi-party typicality conjecture for the first nontrivial case when there are only two parties. The conjecture itself is motivated by the study of multi-party state merging protocols on quantum systems. Our approach…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-11-26 Janis Nötzel

In this paper we discuss the use of cooperative game theory for analyzing interference channels. We extend our previous work, to games with N players as well as frequency selective channels and joint TDM/FDM strategies. We show that the…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2007-08-08 Amir Leshem , Ephi Zehavi

In this note, we consider quantum correlations of bipartite systems having a slight interaction, and reinterpret Tsirelson's problem (and hence Kirchberg's and Connes's conjectures) in terms of finite-dimensional asymptotically commuting…

Operator Algebras · Mathematics 2013-03-26 Narutaka Ozawa

Contextuality is arguably the fundamental property that makes quantum mechanics different from classical physics. It is responsible for quantum computational speedups in both magic-state-injection-based and measurement-based models of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-19 Oliver Hart , David T. Stephen , Evan Wickenden , Rahul Nandkishore

The $k$-majority game is played with $n$ numbered balls, each coloured with one of two colours. It is given that there are at least $k$ balls of the majority colour, where $k$ is a fixed integer greater than $n/2$. On each turn the player…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2014-02-25 John R. Britnell , Mark Wildon

We exhibit supercritical trade-off for monotone circuits, showing that there are functions computable by small circuits for which any circuit must have depth super-linear or even super-polynomial in the number of variables, far exceeding…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2024-11-22 Susanna F. de Rezende , Noah Fleming , Duri Andrea Janett , Jakob Nordström , Shuo Pang

Marginalization -- summing a function over all assignments to a subset of its inputs -- is a fundamental computational problem with applications from probabilistic inference to formal verification. Despite its computational hardness in…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2025-07-16 Oliver Broadrick , Sanyam Agarwal , Guy Van den Broeck , Markus Bläser

Solving feedback Stackelberg games with nonlinear dynamics and coupled constraints, a common scenario in practice, presents significant challenges. This work introduces an efficient method for computing approximate local feedback…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-04-03 Jingqi Li , Somayeh Sojoudi , Claire Tomlin , David Fridovich-Keil

The numbers game is a one-player game played on a finite simple graph with certain ``amplitudes'' assigned to its edges and with an initial assignment of real numbers to its nodes. The moves of the game successively transform the numbers at…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2007-10-01 Robert G. Donnelly

Circuit diameters of polyhedra are a fundamental tool for studying the complexity of circuit augmentation schemes for linear programming and for finding lower bounds on combinatorial diameters. The main open problem in this area is the…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2024-04-10 Alexander E. Black , Steffen Borgwardt , Matthias Brugger

We identify structural assumptions which provide solvability of the Nash system arising from a linear-quadratic closed-loop game, with stable properties with respect to the number of players. In a setting of interactions governed by a…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2024-01-15 Marco Cirant , Davide Francesco Redaelli

One of the prominent current challenges in complexity theory is the attempt to prove lower bounds for $TC^0$, the class of constant-depth, polynomial-size circuits with majority gates. Relying on the results of Williams (2013), an appealing…

Computational Complexity · Computer Science 2017-11-07 Roei Tell